महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-165, verse-9

तान्समापततः सर्वान्भारद्वाजो महारथः ।
अभ्यद्रवत वेगेन मर्तव्यमिति निश्चितः ॥९॥

9. tānsamāpatataḥ sarvānbhāradvājo mahārathaḥ ,
abhyadravata vegena martavyamiti niścitaḥ.

9. tān samāpatataḥ sarvān bhāradvājaḥ mahārathaḥ
abhyadravata vegena martavyam iti niścitaḥ

9. martavyam iti niścitaḥ mahārathaḥ bhāradvājaḥ
tān samāpatataḥ sarvān vegena abhyadravata

9. The great charioteer Bharadvāja (Droṇa), resolute in his mind that he must die, rushed with speed towards all of those (Sṛñjaya warriors) who were advancing.

Words meanings summery:

• तान् (tān) - those (Sṛñjaya warriors) (them, those (masculine, plural, accusative))

• समापततः (samāpatataḥ) - rushing towards, advancing

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, whole, every

• भारद्वाजः (bhāradvājaḥ) - Droṇa (descendent of Bharadvāja)

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great charioteer, mighty warrior

• अभ्यद्रवत (abhyadravata) - rushed towards, ran to

• वेगेन (vegena) - with speed, rapidly, quickly

• मर्तव्यम् (martavyam) - I must die (to be died, fit to die, one must die)

• इति (iti) - thus, so, indicating direct speech or thought

• निश्चितः (niścitaḥ) - resolved (to die) (determined, resolved, certain)

Words meanings and morphology

तान् (tān) - those (Sṛñjaya warriors) (them, those (masculine, plural, accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

समापततः (samāpatataḥ) - rushing towards, advancing

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of samāpatat

samāpatat - rushing towards, advancing, approaching

present active participle

derived from root √pat with prefixes sam- and ā-, present active participle, masculine, accusative plural

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Describes 'tān' and 'sarvān'.

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, whole, every

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Modifies 'tān' and 'samāpatataḥ'.

भारद्वाजः (bhāradvājaḥ) - Droṇa (descendent of Bharadvāja)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāradvāja

bhāradvāja - descendent of Bharadvāja

patronymic from Bharadvāja

Note: Refers to Droṇa.

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great charioteer, mighty warrior

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great charioteer, mighty warrior

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, car, warrior fighting from a chariot
  noun (masculine)

Note: Describes Droṇa.

अभ्यद्रवत (abhyadravata) - rushed towards, ran to

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dru

imperfect

root √dru, 1st class, Parasmaipada, imperfect (laṅ), 3rd person singular, with prefixes abhi- and ā- (merged into abhy-)

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: The 'a' is the augment of the imperfect tense.

वेगेन (vegena) - with speed, rapidly, quickly

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vega

vega - speed, velocity, impulse, force

मर्तव्यम् (martavyam) - I must die (to be died, fit to die, one must die)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of martavya

martavya - to be died, mortal, destined to die

gerundive

derived from root √mṛ ('to die'), gerundive (kartavya) formation

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Functions as a noun in the nominative, implying 'the act of dying' or 'what must be died'.

इति (iti) - thus, so, indicating direct speech or thought

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates that 'martavyam' is a thought or statement.

निश्चितः (niścitaḥ) - resolved (to die) (determined, resolved, certain)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niścita

niścita - ascertained, determined, resolved, certain

past passive participle

derived from root √ci with prefix nis-

Prefix: nis

Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Describes 'bhāradvājaḥ'.