महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-165, verse-93

कस्मिन्निदं हते राजन्रथसिंहे बलं तव ।
एतामवस्थां संप्राप्तं तन्ममाचक्ष्व कौरव ॥९३॥

93. kasminnidaṁ hate rājanrathasiṁhe balaṁ tava ,
etāmavasthāṁ saṁprāptaṁ tanmamācakṣva kaurava.

93. kasmin idam hate rājan rathasiṃhe balam tava etām
avasthām samprāptam tat mama ācakṣva kaurava

93. rājan he kaurava,
kasmin rathasiṃhe hate,
tava idam balam etām avasthām samprāptam? tat mama ācakṣva.

93. O King (rājan), with which lion-like warrior (rathasiṃhe) having been slain, has this army (balam) of yours reached this state? Tell me that, O Kuru (kaurava).

Words meanings summery:

• कस्मिन् (kasmin) - in whom, by whom, concerning whom

• इदम् (idam) - this, this one

• हते (hate) - having been slain, killed

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• रथसिंहे (rathasiṁhe) - in the chariot-lion, the lion among charioteers

• बलम् (balam) - army, force

• तव (tava) - your

• एताम् (etām) - this

• अवस्थाम् (avasthām) - state, condition

• सम्प्राप्तम् (samprāptam) - reached, attained

• तत् (tat) - that

• मम (mama) - to me, my

• आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - tell, relate

• कौरव (kaurava) - O descendant of Kuru

Words meanings and morphology

कस्मिन् (kasmin) - in whom, by whom, concerning whom

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Refers to 'rathasiṃhe' in a locative absolute construction.

इदम् (idam) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Note: Refers to 'balam'.

हते (hate) - having been slain, killed

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - slain, killed, struck, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root han 'to strike, kill'

Root: han (class 2)

Note: In locative absolute construction with 'kasmin' and 'rathasiṃhe'.

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

रथसिंहे (rathasiṁhe) - in the chariot-lion, the lion among charioteers

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of rathasiṃha

rathasiṁha - a lion among charioteers, a mighty charioteer

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+siṃha)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• siṃha – lion
  noun (masculine)

Note: In locative absolute construction with 'kasmin' and 'hate'.

बलम् (balam) - army, force

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, force, army

Note: Subject of implied verb 'is' or 'has become'.

तव (tava) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Possessive pronoun.

एताम् (etām) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Note: Qualifies 'avasthām'.

अवस्थाम् (avasthām) - state, condition

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of avasthā

avasthā - state, condition, situation, stage

Note: Object of 'samprāptam'.

सम्प्राप्तम् (samprāptam) - reached, attained

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of samprāpta

samprāpta - reached, attained, arrived, obtained

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root āp, with upasargas sam + pra

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'balam'.

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Object of 'ācakṣva'.

मम (mama) - to me, my

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Here used as dative of indirect object (tell *to* me).

आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - tell, relate

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of ācakṣ

Imperative active 2nd singular

Prefix: ā

Root: cakṣ (class 2)

Note: Addresses Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

कौरव (kaurava) - O descendant of Kuru

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kaurava

kaurava - descendant of Kuru, a Kuru prince

Patronymic from Kuru