महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-165, verse-47

तस्य मूर्धानमालम्ब्य गतसत्त्वस्य देहिनः ।
किंचिदब्रुवतः कायाद्विचकर्तासिना शिरः ॥४७॥

47. tasya mūrdhānamālambya gatasattvasya dehinaḥ ,
kiṁcidabruvataḥ kāyādvicakartāsinā śiraḥ.

47. tasya mūrdhānam ālambya gatasattvasya
dehinaḥ kiñcit abruvataḥ kāyāt asinā śiraḥ

47. tasya gatasattvasya kiñcit abruvataḥ dehinaḥ
mūrdhānam ālambya kāyāt asinā śiraḥ vicakarta

47. He seized the head of that embodied being, who was bereft of life-force (sattva) and saying nothing, and with a sword, he severed the head from the body.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - of that, his

• मूर्धानम् (mūrdhānam) - head

• आलम्ब्य (ālambya) - having seized, having taken hold of, having grasped

• गतसत्त्वस्य (gatasattvasya) - of one whose strength has departed, of one whose life is gone, of one who is lifeless

• देहिनः (dehinaḥ) - of the embodied one, of the living being, of the person

• किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - anything, something, a little, at all

• अब्रुवतः (abruvataḥ) - of one not speaking, silent

• कायात् (kāyāt) - from the body

• विचकर्त (vicakarta) - he cut off, he severed

• असिना (asinā) - with a sword

• शिरः (śiraḥ) - head

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - of that, his

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the deceased person.

मूर्धानम् (mūrdhānam) - head

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mūrdhan

mūrdhan - head, skull, top, summit

Note: Object of 'ālambya'.

आलम्ब्य (ālambya) - having seized, having taken hold of, having grasped

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root √lamb (to hang, cling to) with prefix ā- and suffix -ya (for absolutive).

Prefix: ā

Root: lamb (class 1)

Note: Absolutive verb, indicating an action completed before the main verb.

गतसत्त्वस्य (gatasattvasya) - of one whose strength has departed, of one whose life is gone, of one who is lifeless

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of gatasattva

gatasattva - one whose strength/life-force (sattva) has departed, lifeless

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gata+sattva)

• gata – gone, departed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √gam (to go) with suffix -ta.
  Root: gam (class 1)
• sattva – being, existence, essence, spirit, life-force, strength, courage, reality
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'dehinaḥ'.

देहिनः (dehinaḥ) - of the embodied one, of the living being, of the person

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dehin

dehin - embodied, an embodied being, a living being, a person

Derived from 'deha' (body) with suffix -in (possessing).

Note: Possessive case, referring to the person whose head is being cut.

किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - anything, something, a little, at all

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial usage with negation 'abruvataḥ'.

अब्रुवतः (abruvataḥ) - of one not speaking, silent

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of abruvat

abruvat - not speaking, silent

Present Active Participle (negative)

Negative particle 'a-' + root √brū (to speak) + present participle suffix '-at'.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+bruvat)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• bruvat – speaking
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  From root √brū (to speak) + present participle suffix -at.
  Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'dehinaḥ'.

कायात् (kāyāt) - from the body

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kāya

kāya - body, collection, group

Note: Indicates separation from the body.

विचकर्त (vicakarta) - he cut off, he severed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vicakart

Perfect Active

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice. From prefix 'vi-' + root √kṛt (to cut). The root 'kṛt' forms a reduplicated perfect 'cakart'.

Prefix: vi

Root: kṛt (class 6)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

असिना (asinā) - with a sword

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of asi

asi - sword, scimitar

Note: Instrument of cutting.

शिरः (śiraḥ) - head

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head, skull, top, summit

Note: Object of cutting.