महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-165, verse-94

तत्तु दुर्योधनः श्रुत्वा द्रोणपुत्रस्य भाषितम् ।
घोरमप्रियमाख्यातुं नाशकत्पार्थिवर्षभः ॥९४॥

94. tattu duryodhanaḥ śrutvā droṇaputrasya bhāṣitam ,
ghoramapriyamākhyātuṁ nāśakatpārthivarṣabhaḥ.

94. tat tu duryodhanaḥ śrutvā droṇaputrasya bhāṣitam
ghoram apriyam ākhyātum na aśakat pārthivarṣabhaḥ

94. tu duryodhanaḥ pārthivarṣabhaḥ,
droṇaputrasya tat bhāṣitam śrutvā,
ghoram apriyam ākhyātum na aśakat.

94. But Duryodhana, that best of kings (pārthivarṣabhaḥ), having heard the speech (bhāṣitam) of Droṇa's son, was unable to relate that terrible and unpleasant (news).

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• द्रोणपुत्रस्य (droṇaputrasya) - of Droṇa's son

• भाषितम् (bhāṣitam) - speech, spoken word

• घोरम् (ghoram) - terrible, dreadful

• अप्रियम् (apriyam) - unpleasant, disagreeable

• आख्यातुम् (ākhyātum) - to relate, to tell

• न (na) - not

• अशकत् (aśakat) - was able, could

• पार्थिवर्षभः (pārthivarṣabhaḥ) - best of kings

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Refers to 'bhāṣitam'.

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

Note: Adversative particle.

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (proper name, son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

Note: Subject of 'aśakat'.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root śru 'to hear'

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Denotes an action completed before the main verb.

द्रोणपुत्रस्य (droṇaputrasya) - of Droṇa's son

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of droṇaputra

droṇaputra - son of Droṇa (Aśvatthāman)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (droṇa+putra)

• droṇa – Droṇa (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Possessive, referring to Droṇa's son, Aśvatthāman.

भाषितम् (bhāṣitam) - speech, spoken word

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhāṣita

bhāṣita - spoken, said, speech, words

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root bhāṣ 'to speak'

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'śrutvā'.

घोरम् (ghoram) - terrible, dreadful

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ghora

ghora - terrible, dreadful, fearful, awful

Note: Qualifies the implied 'news' or content of 'ākhyātum'.

अप्रियम् (apriyam) - unpleasant, disagreeable

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of apriya

apriya - unpleasant, disagreeable, undesired, hostile

Compound: a + priya

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+priya)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• priya – dear, beloved, pleasant, agreeable
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Qualifies the implied 'news' or content of 'ākhyātum'.

आख्यातुम् (ākhyātum) - to relate, to tell

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive of root khyā with upasarga ā

Prefix: ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Expresses purpose, 'in order to relate'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates 'aśakat'.

अशकत् (aśakat) - was able, could

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of śakat

Imperfect active 3rd singular

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

पार्थिवर्षभः (pārthivarṣabhaḥ) - best of kings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārthivarṣabha

pārthivarṣabha - best of kings, chief of kings (lit. 'bull among kings')

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pārthiva+ṛṣabha)

• pārthiva – king, prince
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, excellent one, best
  noun (masculine)

Note: Epithet for Duryodhana.