महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-165, verse-125

संजय उवाच ।
तच्छ्रुत्वा द्रोणपुत्रस्तु निधनं पितुराहवे ।
क्रोधमाहारयत्तीव्रं पदाहत इवोरगः ॥१२५॥

125. saṁjaya uvāca ,
tacchrutvā droṇaputrastu nidhanaṁ piturāhave ,
krodhamāhārayattīvraṁ padāhata ivoragaḥ.

125. saṃjaya uvāca tat śrutvā droṇaputraḥ tu nidhanam pituḥ
āhave krodham āhārayat tīvram padāhataḥ iva uragaḥ

125. saṃjaya uvāca: droṇaputraḥ tu āhave pituḥ nidhanam tat śrutvā padāhataḥ uragaḥ iva tīvram krodham āhārayat.

125. Sañjaya said: Having heard of his father's death in battle, Droṇa's son (Aśvatthāmā) then experienced intense anger, like a serpent struck by a foot.

Words meanings summery:

• संजय (saṁjaya) - Sañjaya (name of Dhritarashtra's charioteer)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• तत् (tat) - that (death) (that, this)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• द्रोणपुत्रः (droṇaputraḥ) - Aśvatthāmā, son of Droṇa (Droṇa's son, son of Droṇa)

• तु (tu) - then (but, indeed, then, on the other hand)

• निधनम् (nidhanam) - death, destruction, demise

• पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father

• आहवे (āhave) - in battle, in conflict

• क्रोधम् (krodham) - anger, wrath, rage

• आहारयत् (āhārayat) - he aroused, he brought forth, he experienced

• तीव्रम् (tīvram) - intense, fierce, violent

• पदाहतः (padāhataḥ) - struck by a foot, trampled

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as

• उरगः (uragaḥ) - serpent, snake

Words meanings and morphology

संजय (saṁjaya) - Sañjaya (name of Dhritarashtra's charioteer)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sañjaya, victory

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

3rd person singular, perfect tense, active voice. Root 'vac' (2nd class).

Root: vac (class 2)

तत् (tat) - that (death) (that, this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'śru' (5th class).

Root: śru (class 5)

द्रोणपुत्रः (droṇaputraḥ) - Aśvatthāmā, son of Droṇa (Droṇa's son, son of Droṇa)

(compound noun)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (droṇa+putra)

• droṇa – Droṇa (a name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

तु (tu) - then (but, indeed, then, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

निधनम् (nidhanam) - death, destruction, demise

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nidhana

nidhana - death, destruction, end

पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

आहवे (āhave) - in battle, in conflict

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āhava

āhava - battle, war, conflict

Root: hū (class 3)

क्रोधम् (krodham) - anger, wrath, rage

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of krodha

krodha - anger, wrath, rage

Root: krudh (class 4)

आहारयत् (āhārayat) - he aroused, he brought forth, he experienced

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of āhṛ

Imperfect Causative Active

3rd person singular, imperfect tense, active voice, causative form. Root 'hṛ' (1st class) with prefix 'ā-'.

Prefix: ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

तीव्रम् (tīvram) - intense, fierce, violent

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tīvra

tīvra - sharp, fierce, intense, strong

पदाहतः (padāhataḥ) - struck by a foot, trampled

(compound adjective)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pada+āhata)

• pada – foot, step
  noun (neuter)
• āhata – struck, hit, wounded
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'han' with prefix 'ā-'.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: han (class 2)

इव (iva) - like, as if, as

(indeclinable)

उरगः (uragaḥ) - serpent, snake

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uraga

uraga - serpent, snake (lit. 'moving on the breast')

Root: gam (class 1)