महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-165, verse-66

तस्य शब्देन वित्रस्ताः प्राद्रवंस्तावका युधि ।
क्षत्रधर्मं समुत्सृज्य पलायनपरायणाः ॥६६॥

66. tasya śabdena vitrastāḥ prādravaṁstāvakā yudhi ,
kṣatradharmaṁ samutsṛjya palāyanaparāyaṇāḥ.

66. tasya śabdena vitrastāḥ prādravan tāvakāḥ yudhi
kṣatradharmam samutsṛjya palāyanaparāyaṇāḥ

66. tasya śabdena vitrastāḥ kṣatradharmam samutsṛjya
palāyanaparāyaṇāḥ tāvakāḥ yudhi prādravan

66. Terrified by his sound, your people (Kauravas) fled in battle, having abandoned the constitution (dharma) of the warrior (kṣatriya) class, their sole aim being flight.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - by his (sound) (his, its)

• शब्देन (śabdena) - by the sound

• वित्रस्ताः (vitrastāḥ) - terrified, frightened

• प्राद्रवन् (prādravan) - they fled, they ran away

• तावकाः (tāvakāḥ) - your (Dhritarashtra's) warriors / sons (Kauravas) (your people, your followers)

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war

• क्षत्रधर्मम् (kṣatradharmam) - the intrinsic nature (dharma) of a warrior, the constitution (dharma) of the warrior class

• समुत्सृज्य (samutsṛjya) - having abandoned, having cast off

• पलायनपरायणाः (palāyanaparāyaṇāḥ) - whose sole aim was flight (intent on fleeing, devoted to flight)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - by his (sound) (his, its)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

शब्देन (śabdena) - by the sound

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, noise, word

वित्रस्ताः (vitrastāḥ) - terrified, frightened

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vitrasta

vitrasta - terrified, frightened, alarmed

Past Passive Participle

From root √tras (to tremble, be afraid) with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: √tras (class 4)

प्राद्रवन् (prādravan) - they fled, they ran away

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of √dru

Prefix: pra

Root: √dru (class 1)

तावकाः (tāvakāḥ) - your (Dhritarashtra's) warriors / sons (Kauravas) (your people, your followers)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tāvaka

tāvaka - your, belonging to you, your people

Derived from 'tva' (you) with possessive suffix 'ka'

Note: Refers to Dhritarashtra's side.

युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, fight, war

क्षत्रधर्मम् (kṣatradharmam) - the intrinsic nature (dharma) of a warrior, the constitution (dharma) of the warrior class

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṣatradharma

kṣatradharma - the duty or law (dharma) of a kṣatriya, warrior's code, intrinsic nature (dharma) of a warrior

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣatra+dharma)

• kṣatra – warrior class, dominion, power
  noun (neuter)
• dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue
  noun (masculine)

समुत्सृज्य (samutsṛjya) - having abandoned, having cast off

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root √sṛj (to release, abandon) with prefixes sam- and ut-

Prefixes: sam+ut

Root: √sṛj (class 6)

पलायनपरायणाः (palāyanaparāyaṇāḥ) - whose sole aim was flight (intent on fleeing, devoted to flight)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of palāyanaparāyaṇa

palāyanaparāyaṇa - whose chief object is flight, solely devoted to flight

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (palāyana+parāyaṇa)

• palāyana – flight, fleeing, escape
  noun (neuter)
  action noun
  From root √ay (to go) with prefix palā-
  Prefix: palā
  Root: √ay (class 1)
• parāyaṇa – chief object, ultimate end, refuge, resort; devoted to, intent on
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix: parā