महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-165, verse-52

क्रोशमानेऽर्जुने चैव पार्थिवेषु च सर्वशः ।
धृष्टद्युम्नोऽवधीद्द्रोणं रथतल्पे नरर्षभम् ॥५२॥

52. krośamāne'rjune caiva pārthiveṣu ca sarvaśaḥ ,
dhṛṣṭadyumno'vadhīddroṇaṁ rathatalpe nararṣabham.

52. krośamāne arjune ca eva pārthiveṣu ca sarvaśaḥ
dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ avadhīt droṇam rathatalpe nararṣabham

52. arjune ca eva krośamāne ca sarvaśaḥ pārthiveṣu
dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ rathatalpe droṇam nararṣabham avadhīt

52. Even as Arjuna cried out and all the kings were present, Dhṛṣṭadyumna killed Droṇa, the best among men, on his chariot-bed.

Words meanings summery:

• क्रोशमाने (krośamāne) - while crying out, while shouting

• अर्जुने (arjune) - in Arjuna, on Arjuna, while Arjuna

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

• पार्थिवेषु (pārthiveṣu) - among kings, among rulers

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - everywhere, completely, on all sides, all

• धृष्टद्युम्नः (dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna

• अवधीत् (avadhīt) - killed, slew

• द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Droṇa

• रथतल्पे (rathatalpe) - Refers to the prone position of Droṇa on his chariot, almost like a bed, after being incapacitated. (on the chariot-bed)

• नरर्षभम् (nararṣabham) - Refers to Droṇa, signifying his eminence. (the best among men, bull among men)

Words meanings and morphology

क्रोशमाने (krośamāne) - while crying out, while shouting

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of krośamāna

krośamāna - crying out, shouting

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root kruś (to cry out) with suffix -māna.

Root: kruś (class 1)

अर्जुने (arjune) - in Arjuna, on Arjuna, while Arjuna

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna

Note: Used in locative absolute construction with 'krośamāne'.

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

(indeclinable)

पार्थिवेषु (pārthiveṣu) - among kings, among rulers

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of pārthiva

pārthiva - king, ruler, prince; earthly, terrestrial

Derived from pṛthivī (earth).

Note: Denotes "among" or "in the presence of" the kings.

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - everywhere, completely, on all sides, all

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form of sarva (all).

धृष्टद्युम्नः (dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛṣṭadyumna

dhṛṣṭadyumna - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (name of Draupadī's brother, commander of the Pāṇḍava army, destined to kill Droṇa)

Compound: dhṛṣṭa (bold, confident) + dyumna (splendor, wealth).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dhṛṣṭa+dyumna)

• dhṛṣṭa – bold, audacious, confident, impudent
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root dhṛṣ (to be bold).
  Root: dhṛṣ (class 5)
• dyumna – splendor, glory, wealth, strength
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the verb 'avadhīt'.

अवधीत् (avadhīt) - killed, slew

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of vadhi

Aorist (luṅ), 3rd person singular, active voice. Root 'han' is replaced by 'vadh' in aorist.

Root: han (class 2)

द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Droṇa

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (the guru of the Kauravas and Pandavas); a measure of capacity; a kind of tree

Note: Object of the verb 'avadhīt'.

रथतल्पे (rathatalpe) - Refers to the prone position of Droṇa on his chariot, almost like a bed, after being incapacitated. (on the chariot-bed)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of rathatalpa

rathatalpa - chariot-bed, a bed-like chariot

Tatpuruṣa compound: ratha (chariot) + talpa (bed).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+talpa)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• talpa – bed, couch
  noun (masculine)

Note: Indicates the place of action.

नरर्षभम् (nararṣabham) - Refers to Droṇa, signifying his eminence. (the best among men, bull among men)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nararṣabha

nararṣabha - bull among men, best among men, excellent man

Tatpuruṣa compound: nara (man) + ṛṣabha (bull, best).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+ṛṣabha)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, chief
  noun (masculine)

Note: Appositive to 'droṇam'.