महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-165, verse-54

धृष्टद्युम्नस्तु तद्राजन्भारद्वाजशिरो महत् ।
तावकानां महेष्वासः प्रमुखे तत्समाक्षिपत् ॥५४॥

54. dhṛṣṭadyumnastu tadrājanbhāradvājaśiro mahat ,
tāvakānāṁ maheṣvāsaḥ pramukhe tatsamākṣipat.

54. dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ tu tat rājan bhāradvājaśiraḥ mahat
tāvakānām maheṣvāsaḥ pramukhe tat samākṣipat

54. rājan tu dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ maheṣvāsaḥ tat mahat
bhāradvājaśiraḥ tāvakānām pramukhe tat samākṣipat

54. But Dhṛṣṭadyumna, O King, the great archer, threw that mighty head of Bhāradvāja (Droṇa) in front of your warriors.

Words meanings summery:

• धृष्टद्युम्नः (dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, however

• तत् (tat) - Referring to the head, "that head". (that, it)

• राजन् (rājan) - Vocative address to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O King, King)

• भारद्वाजशिरः (bhāradvājaśiraḥ) - Referring to Droṇa's head. Bhāradvāja is Droṇa's patronymic. (the head of Bhāradvāja (Droṇa))

• महत् (mahat) - great, large, mighty

• तावकानाम् (tāvakānām) - Refers to the Kaurava warriors (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's sons and their allies). (of your people, of your kin)

• महेष्वासः (maheṣvāsaḥ) - Refers to Dhṛṣṭadyumna, emphasizing his skill. (great archer, having a great bow)

• प्रमुखे (pramukhe) - In front of the Kaurava army/warriors. (in front of, at the head of, in the presence of)

• तत् (tat) - Referring to the head, "it". This 'tat' reinforces the object 'bhāradvājaśiraḥ'. (that, it)

• समाक्षिपत् (samākṣipat) - threw, cast, hurled

Words meanings and morphology

धृष्टद्युम्नः (dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛṣṭadyumna

dhṛṣṭadyumna - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (name of Draupadī's brother, commander of the Pāṇḍava army, destined to kill Droṇa)

Compound: dhṛṣṭa (bold, confident) + dyumna (splendor, wealth).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dhṛṣṭa+dyumna)

• dhṛṣṭa – bold, audacious, confident, impudent
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root dhṛṣ (to be bold).
  Root: dhṛṣ (class 5)
• dyumna – splendor, glory, wealth, strength
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the verb 'samākṣipat'.

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, however

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - Referring to the head, "that head". (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Adjectival to 'bhāradvājaśiraḥ'.

राजन् (rājan) - Vocative address to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O King, King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

भारद्वाजशिरः (bhāradvājaśiraḥ) - Referring to Droṇa's head. Bhāradvāja is Droṇa's patronymic. (the head of Bhāradvāja (Droṇa))

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhāradvājaśiras

bhāradvājaśiras - the head of Bhāradvāja

Tatpuruṣa compound: bhāradvāja (patronymic of Droṇa) + śiras (head).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhāradvāja+śiras)

• bhāradvāja – descendant of Bharadvāja; Droṇa
  proper noun (masculine)
• śiras – head, top, peak
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of 'samākṣipat'.

महत् (mahat) - great, large, mighty

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, important

Note: Qualifies 'bhāradvājaśiraḥ'.

तावकानाम् (tāvakānām) - Refers to the Kaurava warriors (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's sons and their allies). (of your people, of your kin)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tāvaka

tāvaka - your, belonging to you, your people/kin

Possessive adjective/pronoun derived from yuṣmad (you).

महेष्वासः (maheṣvāsaḥ) - Refers to Dhṛṣṭadyumna, emphasizing his skill. (great archer, having a great bow)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - great archer, mighty bowman, having a great bow

Bahuvrīhi compound: mahā (great) + iṣvāsa (bow, archer).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+iṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• iṣvāsa – bow; archer
  noun (masculine)

Note: Appositive to 'dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ'.

प्रमुखे (pramukhe) - In front of the Kaurava army/warriors. (in front of, at the head of, in the presence of)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of pramukha

pramukha - front, chief, prominent; in front of

Compound: pra (forward) + mukha (face).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pra+mukha)

• pra – forward, before, excellent
  indeclinable
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (neuter)

तत् (tat) - Referring to the head, "it". This 'tat' reinforces the object 'bhāradvājaśiraḥ'. (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Refers to 'bhāradvājaśiraḥ'.

समाक्षिपत् (samākṣipat) - threw, cast, hurled

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of samākṣip

Imperfect past tense, 3rd person singular, active voice. Root kṣip (to throw) with upasargas sam- and ā-.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: kṣip (class 6)