महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-165, verse-104

क्लिश्यमानेषु सैन्येषु वध्यमानेषु राजसु ।
अमर्षवशमापन्नाः पाञ्चाला विमुखाभवन् ॥१०४॥

104. kliśyamāneṣu sainyeṣu vadhyamāneṣu rājasu ,
amarṣavaśamāpannāḥ pāñcālā vimukhābhavan.

104. kliśyamāneṣu sanyeṣu vadhyamāneṣu rājasu
amarṣavaśam āpannāḥ pāñcālā vimukhāḥ abhavan

104. sanyeṣu kliśyamāneṣu rājasu vadhyamāneṣu
pāñcālā amarṣavaśam āpannāḥ vimukhāḥ abhavan

104. As the armies were being distressed and the kings were being slain, the Panchalas became overwhelmed by indignation and turned away (in retreat).

Words meanings summery:

• क्लिश्यमानेषु (kliśyamāneṣu) - in the distressed, in those being afflicted

• सन्येषु (sanyeṣu) - in the armies

• वध्यमानेषु (vadhyamāneṣu) - in those being slain, in the being killed

• राजसु (rājasu) - in the kings

• अमर्षवशम् (amarṣavaśam) - to the power of indignation, under the sway of anger

• आपन्नाः (āpannāḥ) - having obtained, having reached, having fallen into

• पाञ्चालाः (pāñcālāḥ) - the Panchalas

• विमुखाः (vimukhāḥ) - turned away, retreating, averted

• अभवन् (abhavan) - became

Words meanings and morphology

क्लिश्यमानेषु (kliśyamāneṣu) - in the distressed, in those being afflicted

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, plural of kliśyamāna

kliśyamāna - being distressed, being afflicted

Present Passive Participle

Present passive participle of the root 'kliś' (to distress, to afflict)

Root: kliś (class 4)

सन्येषु (sanyeṣu) - in the armies

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of sanya

sanya - army, host

वध्यमानेषु (vadhyamāneṣu) - in those being slain, in the being killed

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of vadhyamāna

vadhyamāna - being slain, being killed

Present Passive Participle

Present passive participle derived from the root 'han' (to strike, kill), with 'vadhya' as its passive stem

Root: han (class 2)

राजसु (rājasu) - in the kings

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

अमर्षवशम् (amarṣavaśam) - to the power of indignation, under the sway of anger

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of amarṣavaśa

amarṣavaśa - sway of indignation/anger, control of wrath

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (amarṣa+vaśa)

• amarṣa – indignation, impatience, anger
  noun (masculine)
• vaśa – power, control, sway
  noun (masculine)

आपन्नाः (āpannāḥ) - having obtained, having reached, having fallen into

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āpanna

āpanna - obtained, reached, fallen into, afflicted

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of the root 'pad' with prefix 'ā'

Prefix: ā

Root: pad (class 4)

पाञ्चालाः (pāñcālāḥ) - the Panchalas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāñcāla

pāñcāla - a king of the Pañcālas, the Pañcāla country, the inhabitants of Pañcāla

विमुखाः (vimukhāḥ) - turned away, retreating, averted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vimukha

vimukha - turned away, averted, hostile, retreating

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vi+mukha)

• vi – apart, away, without (as a prefix)
  indeclinable
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (neuter)

अभवन् (abhavan) - became

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)