महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-165, verse-89

द्रवमाणं बलं दृष्ट्वा पलायनकृतक्षणम् ।
दुर्योधनं समासाद्य द्रोणपुत्रोऽब्रवीदिदम् ॥८९॥

89. dravamāṇaṁ balaṁ dṛṣṭvā palāyanakṛtakṣaṇam ,
duryodhanaṁ samāsādya droṇaputro'bravīdidam.

89. dravamāṇam balam dṛṣṭvā palāyana-kṛta-kṣaṇam |
duryodhanam samāsādya droṇaputraḥ abravīt idam

89. droṇaputraḥ palāyana-kṛta-kṣaṇam dravamāṇam balam dṛṣṭvā duryodhanam samāsādya idam abravīt.

89. Seeing the army fleeing, having committed itself to retreat, Droṇa's son approached Duryodhana and spoke these words.

Words meanings summery:

• द्रवमाणम् (dravamāṇam) - fleeing (referring to the army) (fleeing, running, dissolving)

• बलम् (balam) - the army (army, force, strength)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, perceiving

• पलायन-कृत-क्षणम् (palāyana-kṛta-kṣaṇam) - having committed itself to retreat (having made a moment for fleeing, having resolved to flee)

• दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - Duryodhana (name of the Kuru prince)

• समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having approached, having reached

• द्रोणपुत्रः (droṇaputraḥ) - Droṇa's son (Aśvatthāmā) (son of Droṇa)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, he spoke

• इदम् (idam) - these words (this, these words)

Words meanings and morphology

द्रवमाणम् (dravamāṇam) - fleeing (referring to the army) (fleeing, running, dissolving)

(participle)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dravamāṇa

dravamāṇa - fleeing, running, dissolving

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root 'dru' (to run, flee) with present middle participle suffix 'śānac' (माना). Inflected for accusative singular, neuter.

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'balam'.

बलम् (balam) - the army (army, force, strength)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, force, army, military

Root: bal (class 1)

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, perceiving

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root 'dṛś' (to see) with the suffix 'ktvā'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

पलायन-कृत-क्षणम् (palāyana-kṛta-kṣaṇam) - having committed itself to retreat (having made a moment for fleeing, having resolved to flee)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of palāyana-kṛta-kṣaṇa

palāyana-kṛta-kṣaṇa - having made an occasion for flight, having decided to flee

Bahuvrihi compound: 'whose moment (kṣaṇa) has been made (kṛta) for fleeing (palāyana)'.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (palāyana+kṛta+kṣaṇa)

• palāyana – fleeing, flight, escape
  noun (neuter)
  Verbal noun
  Derived from root 'i' with prefix 'palā'.
  Prefix: palā
  Root: i (class 2)
• kṛta – done, made, performed
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• kṣaṇa – moment, instant, leisure, opportunity
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'balam'.

दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - Duryodhana (name of the Kuru prince)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (name of the eldest Kaurava prince)

Note: Object of 'samāsādya'.

समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having approached, having reached

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root 'sad' (to sit, go) with prefixes 'sam' and 'ā', and the suffix 'lyap' (used when the verb has a prefix).

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sad (class 1)

द्रोणपुत्रः (droṇaputraḥ) - Droṇa's son (Aśvatthāmā) (son of Droṇa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇaputra

droṇaputra - son of Droṇa (Aśvatthāmā)

Compound type : tatpurusha (droṇa+putra)

• droṇa – Droṇa (name of a preceptor)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'abravīt'.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect 3rd singular active

Root 'brū' (to speak) in imperfect tense, parasmaipada, 3rd person singular. Augment 'a' before the root.

Root: brū (class 2)

इदम् (idam) - these words (this, these words)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Demonstrative pronoun 'idam' in neuter singular nominative/accusative.

Note: Object of 'abravīt'.