महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-186, verse-75

सर्वतः सहसा भ्रान्तास्ते पयोदा नभस्तलम् ।
संवेष्टयित्वा नश्यन्ति वायुवेगपराहताः ॥७५॥

75. sarvataḥ sahasā bhrāntāste payodā nabhastalam ,
saṁveṣṭayitvā naśyanti vāyuvegaparāhatāḥ.

75. sarvataḥ sahasā bhrāntāḥ te payodāḥ nabhastalam
saṃveṣṭayitvā naśyanti vāyuvegaparāhatāḥ

75. Suddenly, those clouds, swirling from all directions, envelop the sky and then vanish, struck by the force of the wind.

Words meanings summery:

• सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all directions (from all sides, everywhere, entirely)

• सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly (suddenly, violently, by force)

• भ्रान्ताः (bhrāntāḥ) - having whirled/swirled (about) (wandered, whirled, confused, mistaken)

• ते (te) - those (clouds) (those, they)

• पयोदाः (payodāḥ) - clouds (clouds (lit. 'water-givers'))

• नभस्तलम् (nabhastalam) - the sky (the sky, the atmosphere, the firmament)

• संवेष्टयित्वा (saṁveṣṭayitvā) - having enveloped (the sky) (having enveloped, having rolled up, having covered)

• नश्यन्ति (naśyanti) - they vanish (they perish, they vanish, they disappear)

• वायुवेगपराहताः (vāyuvegaparāhatāḥ) - struck by the force of the wind (struck by the force of the wind, overwhelmed by the speed of the wind)

Words meanings and morphology

सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all directions (from all sides, everywhere, entirely)

(indeclinable)

derived from sarva (all) + tasil (ablative suffix)

सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly (suddenly, violently, by force)

(indeclinable)

Instrumental form of sahas (force, power), used as an adverb.

Root: sah (class 1)

भ्रान्ताः (bhrāntāḥ) - having whirled/swirled (about) (wandered, whirled, confused, mistaken)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhrānta

bhrānta - wandered, whirled, confused, mistaken

past passive participle

from root bhram 'to wander, roam' + kta suffix

Root: bhram (class 1)

Note: Describes the clouds.

ते (te) - those (clouds) (those, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, those

Note: Refers to payodāḥ.

पयोदाः (payodāḥ) - clouds (clouds (lit. 'water-givers'))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of payoda

payoda - cloud, rain-giver (lit. 'water-giver')

compound of payas (water) + da (giver, from dā 'to give')

Compound type : upapada tatpurusha (payas+da)

• payas – water, milk
  noun (neuter)
• da – giver
  adjective (masculine)
  kṛt suffix
  Derived from root dā 'to give' with suffix -a
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

नभस्तलम् (nabhastalam) - the sky (the sky, the atmosphere, the firmament)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nabhastala

nabhastala - sky, firmament, atmosphere

Compound of nabhas (sky) + tala (surface, ground).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpurusha (nabhas+tala)

• nabhas – sky, atmosphere, ether
  noun (neuter)
• tala – surface, ground, plain, level
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of saṃveṣṭayitvā.

संवेष्टयित्वा (saṁveṣṭayitvā) - having enveloped (the sky) (having enveloped, having rolled up, having covered)

(indeclinable)

absolutative (gerund)

from sam- + vi- + veṣṭ 'to encircle, wrap' (causative) + ktvā suffix.

Prefixes: sam+vi

Root: veṣṭ (class 10)

नश्यन्ति (naśyanti) - they vanish (they perish, they vanish, they disappear)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of naś

present active

Root naś 'to perish', 4th class verb.

Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Verb for payodāḥ.

वायुवेगपराहताः (vāyuvegaparāhatāḥ) - struck by the force of the wind (struck by the force of the wind, overwhelmed by the speed of the wind)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vāyuvegaparāhata

vāyuvegaparāhata - struck/hit by the force/speed of the wind

compound

Compound type : instrumental tatpurusha (vāyu+vega+parāhata)

• vāyu – wind, air, vital breath
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vā (class 2)
• vega – speed, force, impulse, current
  noun (masculine)
  from root vij 'to move quickly'
  Root: vij (class 6)
• parāhata – struck, smitten, repelled, overwhelmed
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  from parā- (away, off) + han (to strike, slay) + kta suffix
  Prefix: parā
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Describes payodāḥ.