महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-186, verse-48

अल्पायुषो दरिद्राश्च धर्मिष्ठा मानवास्तदा ।
दीर्घायुषः समृद्धाश्च विधर्माणो युगक्षये ॥४८॥

48. alpāyuṣo daridrāśca dharmiṣṭhā mānavāstadā ,
dīrghāyuṣaḥ samṛddhāśca vidharmāṇo yugakṣaye.

48. alpāyuṣaḥ daridrāḥ ca dharmiṣṭhāḥ mānavāḥ tadā
dīrghāyuṣaḥ samṛddhāḥ ca vidharmāṇaḥ yuga-kṣaye

48. Then, at the decline of the age (yuga), human beings who are committed to natural law (dharma) will be short-lived and poor, while those devoid of natural law (dharma) will be long-lived and prosperous.

Words meanings summery:

• अल्पायुषः (alpāyuṣaḥ) - short-lived, having a short life

• दरिद्राः (daridrāḥ) - poor, indigent, destitute

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• धर्मिष्ठाः (dharmiṣṭhāḥ) - human beings who are committed to natural law (dharma) (most righteous, most virtuous, most devoted to natural law (dharma))

• मानवाः (mānavāḥ) - human beings, men

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• दीर्घायुषः (dīrghāyuṣaḥ) - long-lived, having a long life

• समृद्धाः (samṛddhāḥ) - prosperous, rich, thriving

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• विधर्माणः (vidharmāṇaḥ) - those devoid of natural law (dharma) (unrighteous, lawless, devoid of natural law (dharma))

• युग-क्षये (yuga-kṣaye) - at the decline of the age (yuga) (at the end of the age, at the decline of the yuga)

Words meanings and morphology

अल्पायुषः (alpāyuṣaḥ) - short-lived, having a short life

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of alpāyuṣ

alpāyuṣ - short-lived, having a short life

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (alpa+āyuṣ)

• alpa – small, little, short
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
• āyuṣ – life, vital power
  noun (neuter)

दरिद्राः (daridrāḥ) - poor, indigent, destitute

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of daridra

daridra - poor, indigent, destitute

from root √daridrā (to be poor)

Root: daridrā (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

धर्मिष्ठाः (dharmiṣṭhāḥ) - human beings who are committed to natural law (dharma) (most righteous, most virtuous, most devoted to natural law (dharma))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dharmiṣṭha

dharmiṣṭha - most righteous, most virtuous, most devoted to natural law (dharma)

superlative degree of `dharmin` (righteous, possessing dharma)

मानवाः (mānavāḥ) - human beings, men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mānava

mānava - human being, man, descendant of Manu

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

दीर्घायुषः (dīrghāyuṣaḥ) - long-lived, having a long life

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dīrghāyuṣ

dīrghāyuṣ - long-lived, having a long life

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dīrgha+āyuṣ)

• dīrgha – long
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
• āyuṣ – life, vital power
  noun (neuter)

समृद्धाः (samṛddhāḥ) - prosperous, rich, thriving

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samṛddha

samṛddha - prosperous, rich, thriving, accomplished

Past Passive Participle

from root √ṛdh (to prosper, to grow) with prefix sam

Prefix: sam

Root: ṛdh (class 4)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

विधर्माणः (vidharmāṇaḥ) - those devoid of natural law (dharma) (unrighteous, lawless, devoid of natural law (dharma))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vidharman

vidharman - unrighteous, lawless, devoid of natural law (dharma), wicked

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+dharman)

• vi – without, devoid of, apart, in different directions
  indeclinable
• dharman – natural law, righteousness, constitution, duty
  noun (masculine)

युग-क्षये (yuga-kṣaye) - at the decline of the age (yuga) (at the end of the age, at the decline of the yuga)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of yuga-kṣaya

yuga-kṣaya - end of an age, decline of an age, destruction of a yuga

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yuga+kṣaya)

• yuga – age, epoch, yoke
  noun (neuter)
• kṣaya – end, destruction, decline, loss
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  from root √kṣi (to waste, to destroy)
  Root: kṣi (class 1)