महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-186, verse-11

एतत्प्रत्यक्षतः सर्वं पूर्ववृत्तं द्विजोत्तम ।
तस्मादिच्छामहे श्रोतुं सर्वहेत्वात्मिकां कथाम् ॥११॥

11. etatpratyakṣataḥ sarvaṁ pūrvavṛttaṁ dvijottama ,
tasmādicchāmahe śrotuṁ sarvahetvātmikāṁ kathām.

11. etat pratyakṣataḥ sarvam pūrvavṛttam dvijottama
tasmāt icchāmahe śrotum sarvahetu-ātmikām kathām

11. O best of brahmins (dvijottama), you have directly witnessed all these past events. Therefore, we desire to hear from you the story that encompasses the nature of all causes.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this (past event) (this, that)

• प्रत्यक्षतः (pratyakṣataḥ) - directly (perceived) (visibly, directly, immediately)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all (these events) (all, whole, entire)

• पूर्ववृत्तम् (pūrvavṛttam) - past events (that have occurred) (past events, former occurrence)

• द्विजोत्तम (dvijottama) - O best of brahmins (dvijottama) (O best of brahmins, O excellent twice-born)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (from that, therefore)

• इच्छामहे (icchāmahe) - we desire (to hear) (we desire, we wish)

• श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear (the story) (to hear, in order to hear)

• सर्वहेतु-आत्मिकाम् (sarvahetu-ātmikām) - that reveals the nature of all causes (having all causes as its nature, consisting of all causes)

• कथाम् (kathām) - (the) story (story, narration, tale)

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this (past event) (this, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

प्रत्यक्षतः (pratyakṣataḥ) - directly (perceived) (visibly, directly, immediately)

(indeclinable)

Derived from pratyakṣa (visible, perceptible) + tas (suffix for 'from', 'by means of')

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all (these events) (all, whole, entire)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

पूर्ववृत्तम् (pūrvavṛttam) - past events (that have occurred) (past events, former occurrence)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pūrvavṛtta

pūrvavṛtta - past event, former occurrence, happened before

Past Passive Participle

Derived from pūrva (before) + vṛtta (occurred, happened)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (pūrva+vṛtta)

• pūrva – former, prior, earlier
  adjective
• vṛtta – occurred, happened, event, conduct
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root vṛt (to be, to exist, to happen)
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

द्विजोत्तम (dvijottama) - O best of brahmins (dvijottama) (O best of brahmins, O excellent twice-born)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dvijottama

dvijottama - best of the twice-born (brahmins)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvija+uttama)

• dvija – twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya, or bird, tooth)
  noun (masculine)
• uttama – best, highest, supreme
  adjective

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (from that, therefore)

(indeclinable)

Ablative singular form of 'tad'

Note: Ablative singular of 'tad', used adverbially.

इच्छामहे (icchāmahe) - we desire (to hear) (we desire, we wish)

(verb)

1st person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of iṣ

Desiderative form

From root iṣ (class 6) with desiderative suffix. Present middle form.

Root: iṣ (class 6)

श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear (the story) (to hear, in order to hear)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Derived from root śru with infinitive suffix tumun

Root: śru (class 5)

सर्वहेतु-आत्मिकाम् (sarvahetu-ātmikām) - that reveals the nature of all causes (having all causes as its nature, consisting of all causes)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sarvahetvātmikā

sarvahetvātmikā - having all causes as its nature; (a story) that explains all causes

From sarvahetu + ātmika (suffix indicating 'having the nature of')

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sarvahetu+ātmikā)

• sarvahetu – all causes
  noun (masculine)
• ātmikā – pertaining to the self/nature, inherent
  adjective (feminine)
  Derived from ātman (self) with suffix -ika

Note: Agrees with 'kathām'.

कथाम् (kathām) - (the) story (story, narration, tale)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kathā

kathā - story, narration, tale, discourse

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Object of 'śrotum' (to hear).