महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-186, verse-71

ततस्ते जलदा घोरा राविणः पुरुषर्षभ ।
सर्वतः प्लावयन्त्याशु चोदिताः परमेष्ठिना ॥७१॥

71. tataste jaladā ghorā rāviṇaḥ puruṣarṣabha ,
sarvataḥ plāvayantyāśu coditāḥ parameṣṭhinā.

71. tataḥ te jaladāḥ ghorāḥ rāviṇaḥ puruṣarṣabha
sarvataḥ plāvayanti āśu coditāḥ parameṣṭhinā

71. Then those terrible, roaring clouds, O best among men (puruṣarṣabha), swiftly inundate everything on all sides, impelled by the Supreme Being (parameṣṭhin).

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

• ते (te) - those

• जलदाः (jaladāḥ) - clouds (lit. water-givers)

• घोराः (ghorāḥ) - terrible, dreadful, awful

• राविणः (rāviṇaḥ) - roaring, shouting, sounding

• पुरुषर्षभ (puruṣarṣabha) - O best among men, O foremost of men

• सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - everywhere, on all sides, from all sides

• प्लावयन्ति (plāvayanti) - they flood, they inundate, they cause to float

• आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly, immediately

• चोदिताः (coditāḥ) - impelled, urged, directed, commanded

• परमेष्ठिना (parameṣṭhinā) - by the Supreme Being (parameṣṭhin) (by the Supreme Being, by the highest one, by Brahmā)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Agreeing with `jaladāḥ`.

जलदाः (jaladāḥ) - clouds (lit. water-givers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jalada

jalada - cloud, water-giver

Formed from `jala` (water) and `da` (giving).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jala+da)

• jala – water
  noun (neuter)
• da – giving, bestowing
  adjective
  Agent noun from root `dā` (to give).
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Subject of `plāvayanti`.

घोराः (ghorāḥ) - terrible, dreadful, awful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ghora

ghora - dreadful, terrible, frightful, awful

Note: Agreeing with `jaladāḥ`.

राविणः (rāviṇaḥ) - roaring, shouting, sounding

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rāvin

rāvin - roaring, yelling, crying, sounding

Agent noun from root `ru`

Formed from root `ru` (to roar, sound) with suffix `in`.

Root: ru (class 2)

Note: Agreeing with `jaladāḥ`.

पुरुषर्षभ (puruṣarṣabha) - O best among men, O foremost of men

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of puruṣarṣabha

puruṣarṣabha - bull among men, best among men, chief of men

Compound. `puruṣa` (man) + `ṛṣabha` (bull, best).

Compound type : upami-samāsa (puruṣa+ṛṣabha)

• puruṣa – man, person, human being, the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, best, excellent
  noun (masculine)

Note: Address to the listener.

सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - everywhere, on all sides, from all sides

(indeclinable)

Avyaya from `sarva` with suffix `tas`.

प्लावयन्ति (plāvayanti) - they flood, they inundate, they cause to float

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of plāv

Present Active Indicative (causative)

Causative form of root `plu`.

Root: plu (class 1)

आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly, immediately

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial use.

चोदिताः (coditāḥ) - impelled, urged, directed, commanded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of codita

codita - impelled, urged, sent, commanded

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `cud` (to urge, impel) in causative.

Root: cud (class 10)

Note: Agreeing with `jaladāḥ`.

परमेष्ठिना (parameṣṭhinā) - by the Supreme Being (parameṣṭhin) (by the Supreme Being, by the highest one, by Brahmā)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of parameṣṭhin

parameṣṭhin - standing in the highest place, Supreme Being, creator (Brahmā)

Compound: `parama` (highest) + derivative from `sthā` (to stand).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (parama+sthā)

• parama – highest, supreme, best, ultimate
  adjective
  Superlative form of `para`.
• sthā – to stand, to be, to abide
  root
  Derivative suffix -in
  The `ṣṭhin` ending is indicative of a derivative from `sthā`.
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agent of the passive participle `coditāḥ`.