मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-34, verse-60
न चैव शयने नोर्व्यामुपविष्टो न शब्दवत् ।
न चैकवस्त्रो न वदन् प्रेक्षतामप्रदाय च ॥६०॥
न चैकवस्त्रो न वदन् प्रेक्षतामप्रदाय च ॥६०॥
60. na caiva śayane norvyāmupaviṣṭo na śabdavat .
na caikavastro na vadan prekṣatāmapradāya ca.
na caikavastro na vadan prekṣatāmapradāya ca.
60.
na ca eva śayane na urvyām upaviṣṭaḥ na śabdavat
na ca ekavastraḥ na vadan prekṣatām apradāya ca
na ca ekavastraḥ na vadan prekṣatām apradāya ca
60.
And certainly not while lying on a bed, nor while sitting on the bare ground, nor making noise, nor wearing only a single garment, nor speaking, and not without first offering to those who are watching.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- न (na) - not
- च (ca) - and
- एव (eva) - certainly (indeed, certainly, only)
- शयने (śayane) - on a bed, in bed, while lying down
- न (na) - not
- उर्व्याम् (urvyām) - on the earth, on the ground
- उपविष्टः (upaviṣṭaḥ) - having sat down, seated
- न (na) - not
- शब्दवत् (śabdavat) - making noise while eating (making noise, noisy, with sound)
- न (na) - not
- च (ca) - and
- एकवस्त्रः (ekavastraḥ) - wearing only one garment, considered improper for eating (wearing a single garment)
- न (na) - not
- वदन् (vadan) - speaking
- प्रेक्षताम् (prekṣatām) - of those watching, of the spectators
- अप्रदाय (apradāya) - without giving, without offering
- च (ca) - and
Words meanings and morphology
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
एव (eva) - certainly (indeed, certainly, only)
(indeclinable)
शयने (śayane) - on a bed, in bed, while lying down
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of śayana
śayana - sleeping, lying down, bed, couch
From root śī (to lie down, sleep) + lyuT/ana suffix
Root: śī (class 2)
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
उर्व्याम् (urvyām) - on the earth, on the ground
(noun)
Locative, feminine, singular of urvī
urvī - earth, ground
Note: Refers to the surface.
उपविष्टः (upaviṣṭaḥ) - having sat down, seated
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of upaviṣṭa
upaviṣṭa - sat down, seated
Past Passive Participle
From upa- + viś (to enter, sit down) + kta suffix
Prefix: upa
Root: viś (class 6)
Note: Describes the state of the person.
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
शब्दवत् (śabdavat) - making noise while eating (making noise, noisy, with sound)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śabdavat
śabdavat - possessing sound/noise, noisy
From śabda (sound) + matup suffix
Note: Describes the person's manner.
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
एकवस्त्रः (ekavastraḥ) - wearing only one garment, considered improper for eating (wearing a single garment)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ekavastra
ekavastra - wearing a single garment
Compound of eka (one) and vastra (garment)
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (eka+vastra)
- eka – one, single
numeral (masculine/neuter) - vastra – garment, cloth, clothing
noun (neuter)
Note: Describes the person's attire.
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
वदन् (vadan) - speaking
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vadat
vadat - speaking, saying
Present Active Participle
From root vad (to speak) + śatṛ suffix
Root: vad (class 1)
Note: Describes the person's action.
प्रेक्षताम् (prekṣatām) - of those watching, of the spectators
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, plural of prekṣat
prekṣat - seeing, looking on, watching, spectator
Present Active Participle
From pra- + īkṣ (to see) + śatṛ suffix
Prefix: pra
Root: īkṣ (class 1)
Note: Describes the people present.
अप्रदाय (apradāya) - without giving, without offering
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
Negative prefix a- + pradāya (absolutive of pra- + dā - to give)
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+pradāya)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable - pradāya – having given, having offered
indeclinable
Absolutive (Gerund)
From pra- + dā (to give) + lyap suffix
Prefix: pra
Root: dā (class 3)
Note: Specifies a condition for eating.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects the last condition.