मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-34, verse-47
न्यूनाङ्गांश्चाधिकाङ्गांश्च नोपहासैर्विदूषयेत् ।
परस्य दण्डं नोद्यच्छेच्छिक्षार्थं पुत्रशिष्ययोः ॥४७॥
परस्य दण्डं नोद्यच्छेच्छिक्षार्थं पुत्रशिष्ययोः ॥४७॥
47. nyūnāṅgāṃścādhikāṅgāṃśca nopahāsairvidūṣayet .
parasya daṇḍaṃ nodyacchecchikṣārthaṃ putraśiṣyayoḥ.
parasya daṇḍaṃ nodyacchecchikṣārthaṃ putraśiṣyayoḥ.
47.
nyūnāṅgān ca adhikāṅgān ca na upahāsaiḥ vidūṣayet
parasya daṇḍam na udyacchet śikṣārtham putra-śiṣyayoḥ
parasya daṇḍam na udyacchet śikṣārtham putra-śiṣyayoḥ
47.
One should not ridicule or find fault with those who have deficient or extra limbs by means of jokes. One should also not raise a stick (punishment) against another person, except for the purpose of instructing one's son and disciple.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- न्यूनाङ्गान् (nyūnāṅgān) - those with deficient limbs
- च (ca) - and, also
- अधिकाङ्गान् (adhikāṅgān) - those with extra limbs
- च (ca) - and, also
- न (na) - not, no
- उपहासैः (upahāsaiḥ) - by means of ridicule, by jokes
- विदूषयेत् (vidūṣayet) - should defile, should ridicule, should find fault with
- परस्य (parasya) - of another, another's
- दण्डम् (daṇḍam) - stick, punishment
- न (na) - not, no
- उद्यच्छेत् (udyacchet) - should raise, should lift up
- शिक्षार्थम् (śikṣārtham) - for the purpose of instruction, for teaching
- पुत्र-शिष्ययोः (putra-śiṣyayoḥ) - of the son and the disciple
Words meanings and morphology
न्यूनाङ्गान् (nyūnāṅgān) - those with deficient limbs
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of nyūnāṅga
nyūnāṅga - having deficient limbs, maimed, crippled
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nyūna+aṅga)
- nyūna – deficient, lacking, less, inferior
adjective - aṅga – limb, body part, member
noun (neuter)
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
अधिकाङ्गान् (adhikāṅgān) - those with extra limbs
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of adhikāṅga
adhikāṅga - having extra limbs, supernumerary limbs
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (adhika+aṅga)
- adhika – excessive, additional, more
adjective - aṅga – limb, body part, member
noun (neuter)
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
उपहासैः (upahāsaiḥ) - by means of ridicule, by jokes
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of upahāsa
upahāsa - ridicule, derision, joke, jest
Derived from root has with prefix upa
Prefix: upa
Root: has (class 1)
विदूषयेत् (vidūṣayet) - should defile, should ridicule, should find fault with
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of vidūṣ
Causative of vi-duṣ
Prefix: vi
Root: dūṣ (class 4)
परस्य (parasya) - of another, another's
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of para
para - other, another, supreme, distant
दण्डम् (daṇḍam) - stick, punishment
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of daṇḍa
daṇḍa - stick, staff, rod, punishment, penalty
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
उद्यच्छेत् (udyacchet) - should raise, should lift up
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of udyacch
Prefix: ud
Root: yam (class 1)
शिक्षार्थम् (śikṣārtham) - for the purpose of instruction, for teaching
(indeclinable)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śikṣā+artha)
- śikṣā – instruction, teaching, learning, study
noun (feminine)
Derived from root śikṣ (to learn, to teach)
Root: śikṣ (class 1) - artha – purpose, meaning, object, wealth
noun (masculine)
पुत्र-शिष्ययोः (putra-śiṣyayoḥ) - of the son and the disciple
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, dual of putra-śiṣya
putra-śiṣya - son and disciple (combined)
Compound type : dvandva (putra+śiṣya)
- putra – son, child
noun (masculine) - śiṣya – disciple, pupil, student
noun (masculine)
Gerundive
Derived from root śās (to teach)
Root: śās (class 2)