मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-34, verse-22
ग्रामावसथतीर्थानां क्षेत्राणाञ्चैव वर्त्मनि ।
विण्मूत्रं नानुतिष्ठेत न कृष्टे न च गोव्रजे ॥२२॥
विण्मूत्रं नानुतिष्ठेत न कृष्टे न च गोव्रजे ॥२२॥
22. grāmāvasathatīrthānāṃ kṣetrāṇāñcaiva vartmani .
viṇmūtraṃ nānutiṣṭheta na kṛṣṭe na ca govraje.
viṇmūtraṃ nānutiṣṭheta na kṛṣṭe na ca govraje.
22.
grāmāvasathatīrthānām kṣetrāṇām ca eva vartmani
viṇmūtram na anutīṣṭheta na kṛṣṭe na ca govrāje
viṇmūtram na anutīṣṭheta na kṛṣṭe na ca govrāje
22.
One should not pass feces or urine on the paths of villages, residences, sacred bathing places (tīrtha), or fields; nor in a plowed field, nor in a cowshed.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- ग्रामावसथतीर्थानाम् (grāmāvasathatīrthānām) - of villages, residences, and sacred bathing places
- क्षेत्राणाम् (kṣetrāṇām) - of fields, of lands
- च (ca) - and
- एव (eva) - only, just, indeed
- वर्त्मनि (vartmani) - on the path, on the road
- विण्मूत्रम् (viṇmūtram) - feces and urine
- न (na) - not
- अनुतीष्ठेत (anutīṣṭheta) - One should not evacuate (feces or urine). (one should perform/stand/evacuate)
- कृष्टे (kṛṣṭe) - in a plowed field, in cultivated land
- गोव्रजे (govraje) - in a cowshed, in a cow pen
Words meanings and morphology
ग्रामावसथतीर्थानाम् (grāmāvasathatīrthānām) - of villages, residences, and sacred bathing places
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, plural of grāmāvasathatīrtha
grāmāvasathatīrtha - villages, residences, and sacred bathing places (collectively)
Compound type : dvandva (grāma+avasatha+tīrtha)
- grāma – village, community
noun (masculine) - avasatha – dwelling, residence, lodging, settlement
noun (masculine)
Derived from root vas with prefix ava
Prefix: ava
Root: vas (class 1) - tīrtha – ford, bathing place, sacred place, shrine, holy water (tīrtha)
noun (neuter)
Note: Refers to the collective group of villages, residences, and sacred places.
क्षेत्राणाम् (kṣetrāṇām) - of fields, of lands
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, plural of kṣetra
kṣetra - field, land, ground, area
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
एव (eva) - only, just, indeed
(indeclinable)
वर्त्मनि (vartmani) - on the path, on the road
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of vartman
vartman - path, road, way, track
Derived from root vṛt (to turn, exist)
Root: vṛt (class 1)
विण्मूत्रम् (viṇmūtram) - feces and urine
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of viṇmūtra
viṇmūtra - feces and urine, excrement
Compound type : dvandva (viṭ+mūtra)
- viṭ – feces, excrement
noun (feminine) - mūtra – urine
noun (neuter)
Root: mū (class 1)
Note: Used as a collective singular for 'excrement'.
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
अनुतीष्ठेत (anutīṣṭheta) - One should not evacuate (feces or urine). (one should perform/stand/evacuate)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of anu-sthā
Prefix: anu
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Used impersonally or with an implied subject 'one'.
कृष्टे (kṛṣṭe) - in a plowed field, in cultivated land
(adjective)
Locative, neuter, singular of kṛṣṭa
kṛṣṭa - plowed, cultivated; (as noun) a plowed field
past passive participle
Derived from root kṛṣ (to plow, to draw)
Root: kṛṣ (class 1)
गोव्रजे (govraje) - in a cowshed, in a cow pen
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of govraja
govraja - cowshed, cow pen, herd of cattle
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (go+vraja)
- go – cow, bull, cattle
noun (feminine) - vraja – herd, pasture, cowshed, pen
noun (masculine)
Root: vraj (class 1)