मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-34, verse-34
न वाहयेद् द्विजान्नाग्नौ मेहं कुर्वोत् बुद्धिमान् ।
स्नायीत न नरो नग्नो न शयीत कदाचन ॥३४॥
स्नायीत न नरो नग्नो न शयीत कदाचन ॥३४॥
34. na vāhayed dvijānnāgnau mehaṃ kurvot buddhimān .
snāyīta na naro nagno na śayīta kadācana.
snāyīta na naro nagno na śayīta kadācana.
34.
na vāhayet dvijān na agnau meham kurvot buddhimān
snāyīta na naraḥ nagnaḥ na śayīta kadācana
snāyīta na naraḥ nagnaḥ na śayīta kadācana
34.
One should not cause Brahmins (dvijas) to carry [burdens]. An intelligent person should not urinate into fire. A man should not bathe naked, nor should he ever sleep naked.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- न (na) - not, no
- वाहयेत् (vāhayet) - one should cause to carry, transport
- द्विजान् (dvijān) - Brahmins (dvijas) (twice-born ones; Brahmins)
- न (na) - not, no
- अग्नौ (agnau) - in fire
- मेहम् (meham) - urine (urine, seminal emission)
- कुर्वोत् (kurvot) - one should urinate (with 'meham') (one should make, do)
- बुद्धिमान् (buddhimān) - intelligent, wise person
- स्नायीत (snāyīta) - one should bathe
- न (na) - not, no
- नरः (naraḥ) - a man, human being
- नग्नः (nagnaḥ) - naked, unclothed
- न (na) - not, no
- शयीत (śayīta) - one should sleep, lie down
- कदाचन (kadācana) - never (when used with 'na') (ever, at any time)
Words meanings and morphology
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
वाहयेत् (vāhayet) - one should cause to carry, transport
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of vah
Causative, Optative Mood, Active Voice
3rd person singular
Root: vah (class 1)
द्विजान् (dvijān) - Brahmins (dvijas) (twice-born ones; Brahmins)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of dvija
dvija - twice-born; a Brahmin, a bird, a tooth
Root: jan (class 4)
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
अग्नौ (agnau) - in fire
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of agni
agni - fire
मेहम् (meham) - urine (urine, seminal emission)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of meha
meha - urine, seminal emission
Derived from `√mih`
Root: mih (class 1)
कुर्वोत् (kurvot) - one should urinate (with 'meham') (one should make, do)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of kṛ
Optative Mood, Active Voice (variant)
3rd person singular; a less common or archaic variant, likely of `kuryāt`
Root: kṛ (class 8)
बुद्धिमान् (buddhimān) - intelligent, wise person
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of buddhimat
buddhimat - intelligent, wise, possessing understanding
Derived from `buddhi` + `matup` suffix
Root: budh
स्नायीत (snāyīta) - one should bathe
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of snā
Optative Mood, Middle Voice
3rd person singular
Root: snā (class 2)
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
नरः (naraḥ) - a man, human being
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nara
nara - man, human being
Root: nṛ
नग्नः (nagnaḥ) - naked, unclothed
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nagna
nagna - naked, unclothed
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
शयीत (śayīta) - one should sleep, lie down
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of śī
Optative Mood, Middle Voice
3rd person singular
Root: śī (class 2)
कदाचन (kadācana) - never (when used with 'na') (ever, at any time)
(indeclinable)
Combination of `kadā` (when) and `cana` (even)