मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-34, verse-101
कृत्वापसव्यं वायव्यां यक्ष्मैतत्तेति भाजनात् ।
अन्नावशेषमिच्छन् वै तोयं दद्याद्यथाविधि ॥१०१॥
अन्नावशेषमिच्छन् वै तोयं दद्याद्यथाविधि ॥१०१॥
101. kṛtvāpasavyaṃ vāyavyāṃ yakṣmaitatteti bhājanāt .
annāvaśeṣamicchan vai toyaṃ dadyādyathāvidhi.
annāvaśeṣamicchan vai toyaṃ dadyādyathāvidhi.
101.
kṛtvā apasavyam vāyavyām yakṣma etat te iti bhājanāt
annāvaśeṣam icchan vai toyam dadyāt yathāvidhi
annāvaśeṣam icchan vai toyam dadyāt yathāvidhi
101.
Having performed the counter-clockwise (apasavya) ritual in the north-west direction, one should offer from the vessel, saying, 'O Yakṣma, this is for you.' Then, with the intention of dealing with the remaining food (annāvaśeṣa), one should offer water according to the prescribed rules.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having performed (having done, having made)
- अपसव्यम् (apasavyam) - the counter-clockwise ritual (movement typically for ancestors) (counter-clockwise, with the left side, ill-omened)
- वायव्याम् (vāyavyām) - in the north-west direction (in the north-west, in the direction of Vayu)
- यक्ष्म (yakṣma) - O Yakṣma (disease, specifically consumption, addressed as a deity or spirit) (disease, consumption, a class of demi-gods)
- एतत् (etat) - this (offering) (this, this one)
- ते (te) - for you (Yakṣma) (to you, of you)
- इति (iti) - thus (thus, so, in this manner)
- भाजनात् (bhājanāt) - from the offering vessel (from the vessel, from the dish)
- अन्नावशेषम् (annāvaśeṣam) - the remaining food (after other offerings) (remnant of food)
- इच्छन् (icchan) - when intending to deal with (the remaining food) (wishing, desiring)
- वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, certainly)
- तोयम् (toyam) - water (as an offering) (water)
- दद्यात् (dadyāt) - one should offer (one should give, one would give, may one give)
- यथाविधि (yathāvidhi) - according to the prescribed rules (according to rule, according to precept, as prescribed)
Words meanings and morphology
कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having performed (having done, having made)
(indeclinable)
Absolutive
Absolutive (gerund) of √kṛ (to do, make)
Root: kṛ (class 8)
अपसव्यम् (apasavyam) - the counter-clockwise ritual (movement typically for ancestors) (counter-clockwise, with the left side, ill-omened)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of apasavya
apasavya - with the left side towards an object, counter-clockwise, inauspicious
Compound type : bahuvrihi (apa+savya)
- apa – away, off, from
indeclinable - savya – left, left hand, southern
adjective (neuter)
Note: Used adverbially.
वायव्याम् (vāyavyām) - in the north-west direction (in the north-west, in the direction of Vayu)
(noun)
Locative, feminine, singular of vāyavyā
vāyavyā - north-west direction, relating to Vayu
Note: Refers to the north-west corner.
यक्ष्म (yakṣma) - O Yakṣma (disease, specifically consumption, addressed as a deity or spirit) (disease, consumption, a class of demi-gods)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of yakṣma
yakṣma - disease, consumption, a class of demi-gods (Yakṣas)
एतत् (etat) - this (offering) (this, this one)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of etad
etad - this, this one, here
Note: Can also be accusative.
ते (te) - for you (Yakṣma) (to you, of you)
(pronoun)
Dative, singular of tvam
tvam - you
Note: Can also be genitive singular. Dative is appropriate for 'to you'.
इति (iti) - thus (thus, so, in this manner)
(indeclinable)
भाजनात् (bhājanāt) - from the offering vessel (from the vessel, from the dish)
(noun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of bhājana
bhājana - vessel, dish, receptacle, deserving
अन्नावशेषम् (annāvaśeṣam) - the remaining food (after other offerings) (remnant of food)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of annāvaśeṣa
annāvaśeṣa - remnant of food, residue of food
Compound type : genitive tatpurusha (anna+avaśeṣa)
- anna – food, grain, cooked rice
noun (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
From √ad (to eat)
Root: ad (class 2) - avaśeṣa – remnant, residue, remainder
noun (masculine)
Prefix: ava
Root: śiṣ (class 7)
इच्छन् (icchan) - when intending to deal with (the remaining food) (wishing, desiring)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of icchat
icchat - wishing, desiring
Present Active Participle
Present active participle of √iṣ (to wish, desire)
Root: iṣ (class 4)
Note: The agent of dadyāt is implied and acts as the subject of this participle.
वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, certainly)
(indeclinable)
Note: Emphatic particle.
तोयम् (toyam) - water (as an offering) (water)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of toya
toya - water
Note: Object of "dadyāt".
दद्यात् (dadyāt) - one should offer (one should give, one would give, may one give)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of dā
Optative 3rd singular active of √dā
Root: dā (class 3)
यथाविधि (yathāvidhi) - according to the prescribed rules (according to rule, according to precept, as prescribed)
(indeclinable)
Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+vidhi)
- yathā – as, according to
indeclinable - vidhi – rule, precept, ordinance, method
noun (masculine)
Note: An avyayībhāva compound used adverbially.