मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-34, verse-57
न भक्षयीत सततं प्रत्यक्षलवणानि च ।
वर्ज्यं चिरोषितं पुत्र भक्तं पर्युषितञ्च यत् ॥५७॥
वर्ज्यं चिरोषितं पुत्र भक्तं पर्युषितञ्च यत् ॥५७॥
57. na bhakṣayīta satataṃ pratyakṣalavaṇāni ca .
varjyaṃ ciroṣitaṃ putra bhaktaṃ paryuṣitañca yat.
varjyaṃ ciroṣitaṃ putra bhaktaṃ paryuṣitañca yat.
57.
na bhakṣayīta satatam pratyakṣalavaṇāni ca |
varjyam ciroṣitam putra bhaktam paryuṣitam ca yat
varjyam ciroṣitam putra bhaktam paryuṣitam ca yat
57.
One should not always consume pure salt. And, my son, food that has been kept for a long time, as well as stale cooked food, should be avoided.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- न (na) - not, no
- भक्षयीत (bhakṣayīta) - should eat, should consume
- सततम् (satatam) - always, constantly
- प्रत्यक्षलवणानि (pratyakṣalavaṇāni) - salt in its pure, unmixed form, not blended into food (often prohibited in certain observances) (visible salts, pure salts)
- च (ca) - and, also
- वर्ज्यम् (varjyam) - to be avoided, forbidden
- चिरोषितम् (ciroṣitam) - food that has been kept for a long time and is no longer fresh (kept for a long time, old, aged)
- पुत्र (putra) - O son
- भक्तम् (bhaktam) - cooked food, meal, portion
- पर्युषितम् (paryuṣitam) - cooked food that has become stale (left overnight or for too long) (stale, old, overnight)
- च (ca) - and, also
- यत् (yat) - which, that which
Words meanings and morphology
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
भक्षयीत (bhakṣayīta) - should eat, should consume
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhakṣ
Causative of √bhaj (to share, enjoy) or a denominative/root in its own right.
Root: bhakṣ (class 10)
सततम् (satatam) - always, constantly
(indeclinable)
Adverbial accusative of satata
Note: Used adverbially.
प्रत्यक्षलवणानि (pratyakṣalavaṇāni) - salt in its pure, unmixed form, not blended into food (often prohibited in certain observances) (visible salts, pure salts)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, plural of pratyakṣalavaṇa
pratyakṣalavaṇa - visible salt, pure salt
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pratyakṣa+lavaṇa)
- pratyakṣa – visible, perceptible, direct
adjective (neuter)
Prefix: prati - lavaṇa – salt
noun (neuter)
Note: Object of 'bhakṣayīta'.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
वर्ज्यम् (varjyam) - to be avoided, forbidden
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of varjya
varjya - to be avoided, forbidden, excluded
Gerundive
Derived from √vṛj (to avoid, abandon)
Root: vṛj (class 1)
चिरोषितम् (ciroṣitam) - food that has been kept for a long time and is no longer fresh (kept for a long time, old, aged)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of ciroṣita
ciroṣita - long-dwelt, long-kept, old
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (cira+uṣita)
- cira – long time, ancient
indeclinable - uṣita – dwelt, stayed, passed (of time)
adjective (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
From √vas (to dwell)
Root: vas (class 1)
Note: Agrees with 'bhaktam' (implied).
पुत्र (putra) - O son
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of putra
putra - son, child
भक्तम् (bhaktam) - cooked food, meal, portion
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of bhakta
bhakta - cooked food, meal, boiled rice, portion
Past Passive Participle
From √bhaj (to divide, share, eat)
Root: bhaj (class 1)
Note: Subject of the implied 'is to be avoided'.
पर्युषितम् (paryuṣitam) - cooked food that has become stale (left overnight or for too long) (stale, old, overnight)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of paryuṣita
paryuṣita - stale, old, kept overnight, having stayed around
Past Passive Participle
From √vas (to dwell, stay) with prefix pari
Prefix: pari
Root: vas (class 1)
Note: Agrees with 'bhaktam'.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
यत् (yat) - which, that which
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yat
yat - which, that, what
Note: Refers to the food.