मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-34, verse-49
सायं प्रातश्च भोक्तव्यं कृत्वा चातिथिपूजनम् ।
प्राङ्मुखोदङ्मुको वापि वाग्यतो दन्तधावनम् ॥४९॥
प्राङ्मुखोदङ्मुको वापि वाग्यतो दन्तधावनम् ॥४९॥
49. sāyaṃ prātaśca bhoktavyaṃ kṛtvā cātithipūjanam .
prāṅmukhodaṅmuko vāpi vāgyato dantadhāvanam.
prāṅmukhodaṅmuko vāpi vāgyato dantadhāvanam.
49.
sāyam prātaḥ ca bhoktavyam kṛtvā ca atithipūjanam
prāṅmukodaṅmukaḥ vā api vāgyataḥ dantadhāvanam
prāṅmukodaṅmukaḥ vā api vāgyataḥ dantadhāvanam
49.
One should eat food in the evening and morning, after having performed worship of guests. One should also clean one's teeth either facing east or north, while maintaining silence.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- सायम् (sāyam) - in the evening, at evening
- प्रातः (prātaḥ) - in the morning, at morning
- च (ca) - and, also
- भोक्तव्यम् (bhoktavyam) - to be eaten, food, edible
- कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, after doing
- च (ca) - and, also
- अतिथिपूजनम् (atithipūjanam) - worship of guests, hospitality
- प्राङ्मुकोदङ्मुकः (prāṅmukodaṅmukaḥ) - facing east or north
- वा (vā) - or, either...or
- अपि (api) - also, even, too
- वाग्यतः (vāgyataḥ) - one who has restrained speech, silent
- दन्तधावनम् (dantadhāvanam) - tooth cleaning, toothbrush
Words meanings and morphology
सायम् (sāyam) - in the evening, at evening
(indeclinable)
प्रातः (prātaḥ) - in the morning, at morning
(indeclinable)
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
भोक्तव्यम् (bhoktavyam) - to be eaten, food, edible
(adjective)
neuter, singular of bhoktavya
bhoktavya - to be eaten, edible, food
Gerundive
root bhuj + tavya
Root: bhuj (class 7)
Note: Used here substantively as 'food'.
कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, after doing
(indeclinable)
Absolutive/Gerund
root kṛ + tvā
Root: kṛ (class 8)
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
अतिथिपूजनम् (atithipūjanam) - worship of guests, hospitality
(noun)
neuter, singular of atithipūjana
atithipūjana - guest worship, hospitality
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (atithi+pūjana)
- atithi – guest, stranger
noun (masculine) - pūjana – worship, honoring
noun (neuter)
root pūj + ana
Root: pūj (class 10)
प्राङ्मुकोदङ्मुकः (prāṅmukodaṅmukaḥ) - facing east or north
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of prāṅmukodaṅmuka
prāṅmukodaṅmuka - facing east or north
Compound type : dvandva (prāṅmukha+udaṅmukha)
- prāṅmukha – facing east
adjective (masculine) - udaṅmukha – facing north
adjective (masculine)
वा (vā) - or, either...or
(indeclinable)
अपि (api) - also, even, too
(indeclinable)
वाग्यतः (vāgyataḥ) - one who has restrained speech, silent
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vāgyata
vāgyata - restrained in speech, silent
Past Passive Participle
root yam + suffix kta, compound with vāc
Compound type : bahuvrihi (vāc+yata)
- vāc – speech, word
noun (feminine) - yata – restrained, controlled
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
root yam + kta
Root: yam (class 1)
दन्तधावनम् (dantadhāvanam) - tooth cleaning, toothbrush
(noun)
neuter, singular of dantadhāvana
dantadhāvana - tooth cleaning, a means for cleaning teeth
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (danta+dhāvana)
- danta – tooth
noun (masculine) - dhāvana – washing, cleaning
noun (neuter)
root dhāv + ana
Root: dhāv (class 1)