मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-34, verse-20
सायं प्रापतस्तथा होमं कुर्वोत नियतात्मवान् ।
नोदयास्तमने बिम्बमुदीक्षेत विवस्वतः ॥२०॥
नोदयास्तमने बिम्बमुदीक्षेत विवस्वतः ॥२०॥
20. sāyaṃ prāpatastathā homaṃ kurvota niyatātmavān .
nodayāstamane bimbamudīkṣeta vivasvataḥ.
nodayāstamane bimbamudīkṣeta vivasvataḥ.
20.
sāyam prātaḥ atha āhomam kurvīta niyatātmavān
na udayāstamayane bimbam udīkṣeta vivasvataḥ
na udayāstamayane bimbam udīkṣeta vivasvataḥ
20.
In the evening and morning, one who has a disciplined self (ātman) should perform the fire ritual. One should not gaze at the disk of the sun (Vivasvān) at its rising or setting.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- सायम् (sāyam) - in the evening (in the evening, evening)
- प्रातः (prātaḥ) - in the morning (in the morning, morning)
- अथ (atha) - and (then, and, now)
- आहोमम् (āhomam) - the fire ritual (fire ritual, oblation)
- कुर्वीत (kurvīta) - one should perform (one should do, one should perform, one should make)
- नियतात्मवान् (niyatātmavān) - one who has a disciplined self (ātman) (one who has a controlled self, self-controlled)
- न (na) - not (not, no)
- उदयास्तमयने (udayāstamayane) - at its rising or setting (at sunrise and sunset, at rising and setting)
- बिम्बम् (bimbam) - the disk (of the sun) (disk, globe, reflection)
- उदीक्षेत (udīkṣeta) - one should gaze at (one should gaze at, one should look up at)
- विवस्वतः (vivasvataḥ) - of the sun (Vivasvān) (of the sun, of Vivasvān (the sun god))
Words meanings and morphology
सायम् (sāyam) - in the evening (in the evening, evening)
(indeclinable)
Note: Acts as an adverb of time.
प्रातः (prātaḥ) - in the morning (in the morning, morning)
(indeclinable)
Note: Acts as an adverb of time.
अथ (atha) - and (then, and, now)
(indeclinable)
आहोमम् (āhomam) - the fire ritual (fire ritual, oblation)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of āhoma
āhoma - fire ritual, oblation (possibly emphasizing 'complete' or 'proper' oblation)
prefix ā + homa (fire ritual)
कुर्वीत (kurvīta) - one should perform (one should do, one should perform, one should make)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhiliṅ) of kṛ
root of class 8 (tanādi)
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Atmanepada (middle voice) optative.
नियतात्मवान् (niyatātmavān) - one who has a disciplined self (ātman) (one who has a controlled self, self-controlled)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of niyatātmanvat
niyatātmanvat - possessing a controlled self, self-controlled
possessive suffix -vat added to niyatātman
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (niyata+ātman)
- niyata – restrained, controlled, disciplined
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
from ni + yam
Prefix: ni
Root: yam (class 1) - ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature
noun (masculine)
Note: Nominative singular of a word ending in -vat.
न (na) - not (not, no)
(indeclinable)
उदयास्तमयने (udayāstamayane) - at its rising or setting (at sunrise and sunset, at rising and setting)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, dual of udayāstamana
udayāstamana - sunrise and sunset, rising and setting
Compound type : dvandva (udaya+astamana)
- udaya – rising, ascent, dawn
noun (masculine)
from ud + i
Prefix: ud
Root: i (class 2) - astamana – setting, disappearance, sunset
noun (neuter)
Note: Sandhi `a`+`a` -> `ā` between udaya and astamana.
बिम्बम् (bimbam) - the disk (of the sun) (disk, globe, reflection)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of bimba
bimba - disk, globe, sphere, reflection
Note: Object of `udīkṣeta`.
उदीक्षेत (udīkṣeta) - one should gaze at (one should gaze at, one should look up at)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhiliṅ) of udīkṣ
prefixed verb with ud + īkṣ
Prefix: ud
Root: īkṣ (class 1)
Note: Atmanepada (middle voice) optative.
विवस्वतः (vivasvataḥ) - of the sun (Vivasvān) (of the sun, of Vivasvān (the sun god))
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of vivasvat
vivasvat - sun, sun-god (Vivasvān)