मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-34, verse-118
वसेन्नित्यं सुशीलेषु सहवासिषु पण्डितः ।
इत्येतत् कथितं पुत्र मया ते हितकाम्यया ॥११८॥
इत्येतत् कथितं पुत्र मया ते हितकाम्यया ॥११८॥
118. vasennityaṃ suśīleṣu sahavāsiṣu paṇḍitaḥ .
ityetat kathitaṃ putra mayā te hitakāmyayā.
ityetat kathitaṃ putra mayā te hitakāmyayā.
118.
vased nityam suśīleṣu sahavāsiṣu paṇḍitaḥ
iti etat kathitam putra mayā te hitakāmyayā
iti etat kathitam putra mayā te hitakāmyayā
118.
A wise person should always live among companions who are good-natured. This, my son, has been spoken by me out of a desire for your welfare.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- वसेद् (vased) - should live, should dwell
- नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, perpetually
- सुशीलेषु (suśīleṣu) - among good-natured ones, among those of good conduct
- सहवासिषु (sahavāsiṣu) - among companions, among those who live together
- पण्डितः (paṇḍitaḥ) - a wise person, a scholar
- इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, indicates a quote or conclusion
- एतत् (etat) - Refers to the preceding statement. (this)
- कथितम् (kathitam) - told, narrated, spoken
- पुत्र (putra) - Used as a direct address to a son. (O son, my son)
- मया (mayā) - by me
- ते (te) - to you, for you
- हितकाम्यया (hitakāmyayā) - with the desire for welfare, for the sake of your benefit
Words meanings and morphology
वसेद् (vased) - should live, should dwell
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of √vas
Optative Mood
3rd person singular, parasmaipada
Root: √vas (class 1)
Note: Original form 'vaset', which undergoes sandhi (t + n > n + n) before 'nityam'.
नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, perpetually
(indeclinable)
सुशीलेषु (suśīleṣu) - among good-natured ones, among those of good conduct
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, plural of suśīla
suśīla - good-natured, of good character, virtuous
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+śīla)
- su – good, well, excellent
indeclinable - śīla – conduct, character, habit, nature
noun (neuter)
सहवासिषु (sahavāsiṣu) - among companions, among those who live together
(noun)
Locative, masculine, plural of sahavāsin
sahavāsin - companion, fellow-dweller, co-resident
Derived from 'saha' (with) and 'vāsin' (one who dwells).
Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (saha+vāsin)
- saha – with, together
indeclinable - vāsin – dweller, resident
participle (masculine)
Present Active Participle
From √vas (to dwell), used as a noun.
Root: √vas (class 1)
पण्डितः (paṇḍitaḥ) - a wise person, a scholar
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of paṇḍita
paṇḍita - learned, wise, scholar, pundit
Root: √paṇḍ (class 1)
इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, indicates a quote or conclusion
(indeclinable)
एतत् (etat) - Refers to the preceding statement. (this)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of etad
etad - this, that (near)
कथितम् (kathitam) - told, narrated, spoken
(participle)
Nominative, neuter, singular of kathita
kathita - told, spoken, narrated
Past Passive Participle
Derived from √kath (to tell)
Root: √kath (class 10)
पुत्र (putra) - Used as a direct address to a son. (O son, my son)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of putra
putra - son, child
मया (mayā) - by me
(pronoun)
Instrumental, singular of asmad
asmad - I, me
Note: Agent of the passive verb 'kathitam'.
ते (te) - to you, for you
(pronoun)
Dative, singular of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you
Note: The recipient of the telling.
हितकाम्यया (hitakāmyayā) - with the desire for welfare, for the sake of your benefit
(noun)
Instrumental, feminine, singular of hitakāmya
hitakāmya - desiring welfare, wishing good
Derived from 'hita' (welfare) and 'kāmya' (desire, desirable).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hita+kāmya)
- hita – welfare, benefit, good; beneficial
participle (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
From √dhā, 'to place, put', with 'hi' indicating welfare.
Root: √dhā (class 3) - kāmya – desire, wish; desirable, lovely
noun (neuter)
From √kam (to desire).
Root: √kam (class 1)