मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-34, verse-1
मदालसोवाच ।
एवं पुत्र गृहस्थेन देवताः पितरस्तथा ।
संपूज्या हव्यकव्याभ्यामन्नेनातिथिबान्धवाः ॥१॥
एवं पुत्र गृहस्थेन देवताः पितरस्तथा ।
संपूज्या हव्यकव्याभ्यामन्नेनातिथिबान्धवाः ॥१॥
1. madālasovāca .
evaṃ putra gṛhasthena devatāḥ pitarastathā .
saṃpūjyā havyakavyābhyāmannenātithibāndhavāḥ.
evaṃ putra gṛhasthena devatāḥ pitarastathā .
saṃpūjyā havyakavyābhyāmannenātithibāndhavāḥ.
1.
madālasā uvāca evaṃ putra gṛhasthena devatāḥ pitaraḥ
tathā saṃpūjyā havyakavyābhyām annena atithibāndhavāḥ
tathā saṃpūjyā havyakavyābhyām annena atithibāndhavāḥ
1.
Madalasa said: "O son, in this manner, a householder should duly worship deities and ancestors with oblations (havya) and ancestral offerings (kavya), and also honor guests and relatives with food."
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- मदालसा (madālasā) - Madalasa
- उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke
- एवं (evaṁ) - thus, in this manner, so
- पुत्र (putra) - O son
- गृहस्थेन (gṛhasthena) - by a householder
- देवताः (devatāḥ) - deities, gods
- पितरः (pitaraḥ) - ancestors, fathers
- तथा (tathā) - and, likewise, thus
- संपूज्या (saṁpūjyā) - should be worshipped, to be honored
- हव्यकव्याभ्याम् (havyakavyābhyām) - by oblations to gods and offerings to ancestors
- अन्नेन (annena) - by food
- अतिथिबान्धवाः (atithibāndhavāḥ) - guests and relatives
Words meanings and morphology
मदालसा (madālasā) - Madalasa
(proper noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of madālasā
madālasā - Madalasa, a celebrated queen in Hindu mythology, known for her wisdom and asceticism
उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac
Perfect Active
3rd person singular, Perfect tense, Parasmaipada
Root: vac (class 2)
एवं (evaṁ) - thus, in this manner, so
(indeclinable)
पुत्र (putra) - O son
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of putra
putra - son, child
गृहस्थेन (gṛhasthena) - by a householder
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of gṛhastha
gṛhastha - householder, one who is in the second stage (āśrama) of life
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gṛha+stha)
- gṛha – house, home
noun (neuter) - stha – standing, abiding, existing
adjective
from root sthā (to stand)
Root: sthā (class 1)
देवताः (devatāḥ) - deities, gods
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, plural of devatā
devatā - deity, divinity, god
Note: Can also be accusative plural. Context suggests nominative (subject of saṃpūjyā).
पितरः (pitaraḥ) - ancestors, fathers
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of pitṛ
pitṛ - father, ancestor
Note: Can also be accusative plural. Context suggests nominative (subject of saṃpūjyā).
तथा (tathā) - and, likewise, thus
(indeclinable)
Note: Acts as a conjunction 'and' here.
संपूज्या (saṁpūjyā) - should be worshipped, to be honored
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, plural of saṃpūjya
saṁpūjya - to be worshipped, to be honored
Gerundive (karmaṇi prayogya)
Derived from verb root pūj (to honor, worship) with prefix saṃ, suffix -ya. Here in feminine nominative plural form.
Prefix: sam
Root: pūj (class 10)
Note: This gerundive typically acts like a predicate adjective.
हव्यकव्याभ्याम् (havyakavyābhyām) - by oblations to gods and offerings to ancestors
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, dual of havyakavya
havyakavya - offerings to gods and offerings to ancestors (often paired)
Compound type : dvandva (havya+kavya)
- havya – oblation, offering to gods
noun (neuter)
Gerundive
from root hu (to offer)
Root: hu (class 3) - kavya – offering to ancestors (pitṛs)
noun (neuter)
Gerundive
from root kū (to sound, to praise)
Root: kū (class 2)
अन्नेन (annena) - by food
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of anna
anna - food, rice, corn
Past Passive Participle
from root ad (to eat)
Root: ad (class 2)
अतिथिबान्धवाः (atithibāndhavāḥ) - guests and relatives
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of atithibāndhava
atithibāndhava - guests and relatives
Compound type : dvandva (atithi+bāndhava)
- atithi – guest (one who comes without a fixed tithi/date)
noun (masculine) - bāndhava – relative, kinsman
noun (masculine)
Note: Can also be accusative plural. Context suggests nominative (object of implicit 'should be honored').