मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-34, verse-59
उदयास्तमने भानोः शयनञ्च विवर्जयेत् ।
नास्नातो नैव संविष्टो न चैवान्यमना नरः ॥५९॥
नास्नातो नैव संविष्टो न चैवान्यमना नरः ॥५९॥
59. udayāstamane bhānoḥ śayanañca vivarjayet .
nāsnāto naiva saṃviṣṭo na caivānyamanā naraḥ.
nāsnāto naiva saṃviṣṭo na caivānyamanā naraḥ.
59.
udayāstamane bhānoḥ śayanam ca vivarjayet na
asnātaḥ na eva saṃviṣṭaḥ na ca eva anyamanāḥ naraḥ
asnātaḥ na eva saṃviṣṭaḥ na ca eva anyamanāḥ naraḥ
59.
One should avoid sleeping at sunrise and sunset. A man should not eat if he is unbathed, nor certainly if he is lying down, nor if his mind is distracted.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- उदयास्तमने (udayāstamane) - at sunrise and sunset
- भानोः (bhānoḥ) - of the sun
- शयनम् (śayanam) - the act of sleeping or lying down (sleeping, lying down, bed)
- च (ca) - and
- विवर्जयेत् (vivarjayet) - one should avoid, one should forsake
- न (na) - not
- अस्नातः (asnātaḥ) - unbathed, not bathed
- न (na) - not
- एव (eva) - certainly (indeed, certainly, only)
- संविष्टः (saṁviṣṭaḥ) - having lain down (as in not being active or upright) (having sat down, having lain down, having entered)
- न (na) - not
- च (ca) - and
- एव (eva) - certainly (indeed, certainly, only)
- अन्यमनाः (anyamanāḥ) - with a distracted mind, mind elsewhere
- नरः (naraḥ) - a man, a person
Words meanings and morphology
उदयास्तमने (udayāstamane) - at sunrise and sunset
(noun)
Locative, neuter, dual of udayāstamana
udayāstamana - sunrise and sunset
Compound type : dvandva (udaya+astamana)
- udaya – rising, ascent, appearance
noun (masculine)
From ud- + i (to go) + ac suffix
Prefix: ud
Root: i (class 2) - astamana – setting, disappearance
noun (neuter)
From asta + man (root), or verbal noun of astam-i (to set)
Prefix: astam
Root: i (class 2)
Note: Refers to the time.
भानोः (bhānoḥ) - of the sun
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of bhānu
bhānu - sun, ray of light
Root: bhā (class 2)
Note: Connected to udayāstamana (the sun's rising and setting).
शयनम् (śayanam) - the act of sleeping or lying down (sleeping, lying down, bed)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of śayana
śayana - sleeping, lying down, bed, couch
From root śī (to lie down, sleep) + lyuT/ana suffix
Root: śī (class 2)
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects sleeping with the timing.
विवर्जयेत् (vivarjayet) - one should avoid, one should forsake
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of vivarj
Optative mood, active voice
Root vṛj (to avoid) with prefix vi, 1st conjugation (P, parasmaipada)
Prefix: vi
Root: vṛj (class 1)
Note: Implies 'a person' as subject.
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
Note: Negates the following condition.
अस्नातः (asnātaḥ) - unbathed, not bathed
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of asnāta
asnāta - unbathed, not bathed
Past Passive Participle
Negative prefix a- + snāta (PPP of snā - to bathe)
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+snāta)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable - snāta – bathed, purified
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From root snā (to bathe)
Root: snā (class 2)
Note: Describes `naraḥ`.
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
Note: Negates the following condition.
एव (eva) - certainly (indeed, certainly, only)
(indeclinable)
संविष्टः (saṁviṣṭaḥ) - having lain down (as in not being active or upright) (having sat down, having lain down, having entered)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃviṣṭa
saṁviṣṭa - entered, seated, lain down, resting
Past Passive Participle
From sam- + viś (to enter, sit down, lie down) + kta suffix
Prefix: sam
Root: viś (class 6)
Note: Describes `naraḥ`.
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
Note: Negates the following condition.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
Note: Links the conditions.
एव (eva) - certainly (indeed, certainly, only)
(indeclinable)
अन्यमनाः (anyamanāḥ) - with a distracted mind, mind elsewhere
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of anyamanas
anyamanas - having one's mind elsewhere, distracted, absent-minded
Compound of anya (other) and manas (mind)
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (anya+manas)
- anya – other, another
pronoun (masculine/neuter) - manas – mind, intellect, thought
noun (neuter)
Root: man (class 4)
Note: Describes `naraḥ`.
नरः (naraḥ) - a man, a person
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nara
nara - man, person
Root: nṛ (class 1)