मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-34, verse-19
असत्प्रलापमनृतं वाक्पारुष्यञ्च वर्जयेत् ।
असच्छास्त्रमसद्वादमसत्सेवाञ्च पुत्रक ॥१९॥
असच्छास्त्रमसद्वादमसत्सेवाञ्च पुत्रक ॥१९॥
19. asatpralāpamanṛtaṃ vākpāruṣyañca varjayet .
asacchāstramasadvādamasatsevāñca putraka.
asacchāstramasadvādamasatsevāñca putraka.
19.
asatpralāpam anṛtam vākpāruṣyam ca varjayet
asacchāstram asadvādam asatsevām ca putrak
asacchāstram asadvādam asatsevām ca putrak
19.
O son, one should avoid improper speech, untruth, and harshness in words. Furthermore, one should shun false scriptures, erroneous doctrines, and serving the unworthy.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- असत्प्रलापम् (asatpralāpam) - improper speech (improper talk, foolish chatter, vain speech)
- अनृतम् (anṛtam) - untruth (untruth, falsehood, injustice)
- वाक्पारुष्यम् (vākpāruṣyam) - harshness in words (harshness of speech, rough language)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- वर्जयेत् (varjayet) - one should avoid (one should avoid, one should shun, one should abandon)
- असच्छास्त्रम् (asacchāstram) - false scriptures (false scripture, bad doctrine, unholy text)
- असद्वादम् (asadvādam) - erroneous doctrines (false doctrine, bad argument, unworthy teaching)
- असत्सेवाम् (asatsevām) - serving the unworthy (service of the wicked/unworthy; bad service)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- पुत्रक् (putrak) - O son (O son; little son)
Words meanings and morphology
असत्प्रलापम् (asatpralāpam) - improper speech (improper talk, foolish chatter, vain speech)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of asatpralāpa
asatpralāpa - improper talk, foolish chatter
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (asat+pralāpa)
- asat – unreal, bad, evil, non-existent
adjective (masculine) - pralāpa – talk, chatter, foolish talk
noun (masculine)
Prefix: pra
Root: lap (class 1)
अनृतम् (anṛtam) - untruth (untruth, falsehood, injustice)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of anṛta
anṛta - untruth, falsehood, injustice
compound of na + ṛta
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (na+ṛta)
- na – not
indeclinable - ṛta – truth, cosmic order, righteousness
noun (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
from root ṛ
Root: ṛ (class 1)
वाक्पारुष्यम् (vākpāruṣyam) - harshness in words (harshness of speech, rough language)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of vākpāruṣya
vākpāruṣya - harshness of speech
compound of vāc + pāruṣya
Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (vāc+pāruṣya)
- vāc – speech, voice, word
noun (feminine) - pāruṣya – harshness, roughness, severity
noun (neuter)
derived from paruṣa
Note: The stem `vāc` becomes `vāk` in compound initial position (padānta sandhi).
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
वर्जयेत् (varjayet) - one should avoid (one should avoid, one should shun, one should abandon)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of varj
root of class 10 (curādi)
Root: vṛj (class 10)
असच्छास्त्रम् (asacchāstram) - false scriptures (false scripture, bad doctrine, unholy text)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of asacchāstra
asacchāstra - false scripture, bad doctrine
compound of asat + śāstra, with sandhi t -> cch before ś
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (asat+śāstra)
- asat – unreal, bad, evil, non-existent
adjective (masculine) - śāstra – scripture, treatise, teaching, science
noun (neuter)
Root: śās (class 2)
Note: Sandhi `t` of `asat` becomes `c` before `ś`, then `c` becomes `cch` (`asat` + `śāstra` -> `asacchāstra`).
असद्वादम् (asadvādam) - erroneous doctrines (false doctrine, bad argument, unworthy teaching)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of asadvāda
asadvāda - false doctrine, bad argument
compound of asat + vāda, with sandhi t -> d before v
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (asat+vāda)
- asat – unreal, bad, evil, non-existent
adjective (masculine) - vāda – doctrine, speech, argument, assertion
noun (masculine)
Root: vad (class 1)
Note: Sandhi `t` of `asat` becomes `d` before `v` (soft consonant).
असत्सेवाम् (asatsevām) - serving the unworthy (service of the wicked/unworthy; bad service)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of asatsevā
asatsevā - service of the wicked, bad service
compound of asat + sevā
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (asat+sevā)
- asat – unreal, bad, evil, non-existent
adjective (masculine) - sevā – service, worship, attendance
noun (feminine)
Root: sev (class 1)
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
पुत्रक् (putrak) - O son (O son; little son)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of putraka
putraka - son, little son
diminutive of putra
Note: Shortened form of `putraka` in vocative.