मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-34, verse-17
बाह्मे मुहूर्ते बुध्येत धर्मार्थौ चापि चिन्तयेत् ।
समुत्थाय तथाचम्य प्राङ्मुखो नियतः शुचिः ॥१७॥
समुत्थाय तथाचम्य प्राङ्मुखो नियतः शुचिः ॥१७॥
17. bāhme muhūrte budhyeta dharmārthau cāpi cintayet .
samutthāya tathācamya prāṅmukho niyataḥ śuciḥ.
samutthāya tathācamya prāṅmukho niyataḥ śuciḥ.
17.
brāhme muhūrte budhyeta dharmārthau ca api cintayet
samutthāya tathā ācamya prāṅmukhaḥ niyataḥ śuciḥ
samutthāya tathā ācamya prāṅmukhaḥ niyataḥ śuciḥ
17.
One should awaken during the brahma-muhūrta and reflect upon righteous conduct (dharma) and material prosperity (artha). Having risen and then performed ācamana (sipping water for purification), one should be pure, disciplined, and facing the east.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- ब्राह्मे (brāhme) - in the brahma-muhūrta (the auspicious hour before sunrise) (in the divine; pertaining to Brahman; relating to Brahma)
- मुहूर्ते (muhūrte) - in the muhūrta (a division of time, here specifically the brahma-muhūrta) (in a moment; in an instant; in an hour)
- बुध्येत (budhyeta) - one should awaken (one should awaken; one should be awake; one should perceive)
- धर्मार्थौ (dharmārthau) - righteous conduct (dharma) and material prosperity (artha) (dharma and artha; duty and wealth)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)
- चिन्तयेत् (cintayet) - one should ponder (one should think; one should ponder; one should reflect)
- समुत्थाय (samutthāya) - having risen (having risen up; having stood up)
- तथा (tathā) - and then (thus, so, in that manner, and then)
- आचम्य (ācamya) - having performed ācamana (sipping water for purification) (having sipped water; having performed ācamana)
- प्राङ्मुखः (prāṅmukhaḥ) - facing east (facing east; having the face to the east)
- नियतः (niyataḥ) - disciplined (disciplined, restrained, regulated, controlled)
- शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure (pure, clean, holy)
Words meanings and morphology
ब्राह्मे (brāhme) - in the brahma-muhūrta (the auspicious hour before sunrise) (in the divine; pertaining to Brahman; relating to Brahma)
(adjective)
Locative, neuter, singular of brāhma
brāhma - divine, holy, sacred; relating to Brahman or Brahma
Note: adjective qualifying `muhūrte`
मुहूर्ते (muhūrte) - in the muhūrta (a division of time, here specifically the brahma-muhūrta) (in a moment; in an instant; in an hour)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of muhūrta
muhūrta - a moment, an instant; a period of 48 minutes
Note: muhūrta can be masculine or neuter. Here the adjective 'brāhme' is neuter, so 'muhūrte' should be neuter.
बुध्येत (budhyeta) - one should awaken (one should awaken; one should be awake; one should perceive)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of budh
root of class 4 (divādi) or class 1 (bhvādi)
Root: budh (class 4)
धर्मार्थौ (dharmārthau) - righteous conduct (dharma) and material prosperity (artha) (dharma and artha; duty and wealth)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, dual of dharmārtha
dharmārtha - dharma and artha; righteous conduct and material prosperity
Compound type : dvandva (dharma+artha)
- dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteous conduct, duty
noun (masculine)
Root: dhṛ (class 1) - artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, material prosperity, object
noun (masculine)
Note: Dvandva compound.
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)
(indeclinable)
चिन्तयेत् (cintayet) - one should ponder (one should think; one should ponder; one should reflect)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of cint
denominative from 'cintā' or root 'cit' with causative suffix 'ṇic'
Root: cit (class 10)
समुत्थाय (samutthāya) - having risen (having risen up; having stood up)
(indeclinable)
absolutive (gerund)
prefixed verb with sam + ut + sthā
Prefixes: sam+ut
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: absolutives are indeclinable
तथा (tathā) - and then (thus, so, in that manner, and then)
(indeclinable)
आचम्य (ācamya) - having performed ācamana (sipping water for purification) (having sipped water; having performed ācamana)
(indeclinable)
absolutive (gerund)
prefixed verb with ā + cam
Prefix: ā
Root: cam (class 1)
Note: absolutives are indeclinable
प्राङ्मुखः (prāṅmukhaḥ) - facing east (facing east; having the face to the east)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of prāṅmukha
prāṅmukha - facing east; eastern-faced
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (prāñc+mukha)
- prāñc – eastern, anterior
adjective (masculine) - mukha – face, mouth, front
noun (neuter)
नियतः (niyataḥ) - disciplined (disciplined, restrained, regulated, controlled)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of niyata
niyata - restrained, controlled, regulated, disciplined
Past Passive Participle
from ni + yam
Prefix: ni
Root: yam (class 1)
शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure (pure, clean, holy)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śuci
śuci - pure, clean, bright, holy