मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-23, verse-84
एतत् सत्यं विजानीतं युवां प्राणा बहिश्चराः ।
पुनर्नैवं विभिन्नार्थं वक्तव्यं द्विजसत्तमौ ॥८४॥
पुनर्नैवं विभिन्नार्थं वक्तव्यं द्विजसत्तमौ ॥८४॥
84. etat satyaṃ vijānītaṃ yuvāṃ prāṇā bahiścarāḥ .
punarnaivaṃ vibhinnārthaṃ vaktavyaṃ dvijasattamau.
punarnaivaṃ vibhinnārthaṃ vaktavyaṃ dvijasattamau.
84.
etat satyam vijānītam yuvām prāṇāḥ bahiḥ-carāḥ |
punaḥ na evam vibhinna-artham vaktavyam dvijasattamau
punaḥ na evam vibhinna-artham vaktavyam dvijasattamau
84.
Know this truth: you two are my vital breaths (prāṇa) moving outside my body. Therefore, O best among Brahmins (dvija-sattama), nothing implying a different meaning should ever be said again.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- एतत् (etat) - this
- सत्यम् (satyam) - truth (truth, true)
- विजानीतम् (vijānītam) - know (know, understand (you two))
- युवाम् (yuvām) - you two
- प्राणाः (prāṇāḥ) - vital breaths (prāṇa) (vital breaths, life forces, lives)
- बहिः-चराः (bahiḥ-carāḥ) - moving outside (my body) (moving outside, going out)
- पुनः (punaḥ) - again, therefore (again, further, moreover)
- न (na) - not (not, no)
- एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)
- विभिन्न-अर्थम् (vibhinna-artham) - implied a different meaning (having a different meaning, differently meant)
- वक्तव्यम् (vaktavyam) - should be said (to be spoken, should be said)
- द्विजसत्तमौ (dvijasattamau) - O best among Brahmins (dvija-sattama) (O best of Brahmins, O two best twice-born)
Words meanings and morphology
एतत् (etat) - this
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of etad
etad - this
Note: Object of 'vijānītam'.
सत्यम् (satyam) - truth (truth, true)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of satya
satya - true, real, truth
Derived from sat (being, existence)
Root: as (class 2)
Note: Object of 'vijānītam'.
विजानीतम् (vijānītam) - know (know, understand (you two))
(verb)
2nd person , dual, ātmanepada, imperative (loṭ) of jñā
Imperative 2nd Dual Atmanepada
root jñā (class 9) with prefix vi + itām (2nd dual imperative Atmanepada ending)
Prefix: vi
Root: jñā (class 9)
युवाम् (yuvām) - you two
(pronoun)
Nominative, dual of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you (dual/plural)
Note: Subject of the sentence 'yuvām prāṇāḥ bahiś-carāḥ'.
प्राणाः (prāṇāḥ) - vital breaths (prāṇa) (vital breaths, life forces, lives)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of prāṇa
prāṇa - breath, life, vital air, vital principle
Derived from pra-an (to breathe forth)
Prefix: pra
Root: an (class 2)
Note: Predicative nominative with 'yuvām'.
बहिः-चराः (bahiḥ-carāḥ) - moving outside (my body) (moving outside, going out)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of bahiś-cara
bahiścara - moving outside, exterior, external
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bahis+cara)
- bahis – outside, external, without
indeclinable - cara – moving, going, a mover
adjective (masculine)
Active Noun/Adjective
Derived from root car (to move, to go)
Root: car (class 1)
Note: Agrees with 'prāṇāḥ'.
पुनः (punaḥ) - again, therefore (again, further, moreover)
(indeclinable)
न (na) - not (not, no)
(indeclinable)
एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)
(indeclinable)
विभिन्न-अर्थम् (vibhinna-artham) - implied a different meaning (having a different meaning, differently meant)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of vibhinnārtha
vibhinnārtha - having a different meaning, differently meant
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vibhinna+artha)
- vibhinna – separated, different, various
adjective (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root bhid (to split, to break) with prefix vi
Prefix: vi
Root: bhid (class 7) - artha – meaning, purpose, object, wealth
noun (neuter)
Note: Used adverbially modifying 'vaktavyam'.
वक्तव्यम् (vaktavyam) - should be said (to be spoken, should be said)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of vaktavya
vaktavya - to be spoken, to be said, what should be uttered
Gerundive
Derived from root vac (to speak)
Root: vac (class 2)
Note: Functions as the predicate, 'it should not be spoken'.
द्विजसत्तमौ (dvijasattamau) - O best among Brahmins (dvija-sattama) (O best of Brahmins, O two best twice-born)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, dual of dvijasattama
dvijasattama - best among twice-born, best Brahmin
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvija+sattama)
- dvija – twice-born, Brahmin, bird, tooth
noun (masculine)
Derived from jā (to be born) with prefix dvi (two/twice)
Prefix: dvi
Root: jan (class 4) - sattama – best, most excellent
adjective (masculine)
Superlative suffix
Derived from sat (being, good) with suffix -tama
Root: as (class 2)