मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-23, verse-13
यदि रोदिमि वा दीनो हा प्रियेति वदन्मुहुः ।
तथाप्यश्लाघ्यमेतन्नो वयं हि पुरुषाः किल ॥१३॥
तथाप्यश्लाघ्यमेतन्नो वयं हि पुरुषाः किल ॥१३॥
13. yadi rodimi vā dīno hā priyeti vadanmuhuḥ .
tathāpyaślāghyametanno vayaṃ hi puruṣāḥ kila.
tathāpyaślāghyametanno vayaṃ hi puruṣāḥ kila.
13.
yadi rodimi vā dīnaḥ hā priyā iti vadan muhuḥ
tathā api aślāghyam etat naḥ vayam hi puruṣāḥ kila
tathā api aślāghyam etat naḥ vayam hi puruṣāḥ kila
13.
If, wretched, I were to constantly weep, saying 'Alas, my beloved!', even then, this (act) would not be commendable for us. For we are indeed men (puruṣa).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- यदि (yadi) - if
- रोदिमि (rodimi) - I weep, I cry
- वा (vā) - here, means 'or' implying an alternative condition (or, and)
- दीनः (dīnaḥ) - wretched (referring to the speaker's state) (wretched, miserable, dejected, poor)
- हा (hā) - Exclamation of sorrow, 'Alas!' (alas!, ah!, oh!)
- प्रिया (priyā) - my beloved (referring to the deceased woman) (beloved, dear (feminine))
- इति (iti) - indicating direct thought or speech: 'saying/thinking she is dead' (thus, so, in this manner, indicating direct speech or thought)
- वदन् (vadan) - while saying (speaking, saying)
- मुहुः (muhuḥ) - repeatedly, constantly, again and again
- तथा (tathā) - even so, implying 'even under that condition' (thus, so, in that manner)
- अपि (api) - even then (also, even, too, moreover)
- अश्लाघ्यम् (aślāghyam) - not praiseworthy, not commendable, blameworthy
- एतत् (etat) - referring to the act of abandoning life (this, this one (neuter))
- नः (naḥ) - for us (dative sense) (to us, for us, by us, of us)
- वयम् (vayam) - we
- हि (hi) - for, introducing a reason (for, because, indeed)
- पुरुषाः (puruṣāḥ) - men (as distinct from women) (men, males, persons (puruṣa))
- किल (kila) - indeed (emphatic) (indeed, certainly, as is well known)
Words meanings and morphology
यदि (yadi) - if
(indeclinable)
रोदिमि (rodimi) - I weep, I cry
(verb)
1st person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of rud
Present Active Indicative
Root `rud`, class 2.
Root: rud (class 2)
वा (vā) - here, means 'or' implying an alternative condition (or, and)
(indeclinable)
दीनः (dīnaḥ) - wretched (referring to the speaker's state) (wretched, miserable, dejected, poor)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dīna
dīna - wretched, miserable, dejected, depressed, poor, distressed
Past Passive Participle
From root `dī` (to perish, decay), often implying a state of distress.
Root: dī (class 4)
Note: In agreement with implied `aham`.
हा (hā) - Exclamation of sorrow, 'Alas!' (alas!, ah!, oh!)
(indeclinable)
प्रिया (priyā) - my beloved (referring to the deceased woman) (beloved, dear (feminine))
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of priya
priya - dear, beloved, pleasing, agreeable, desired
Root: prī (class 9)
Note: Used in direct address, as if a vocative, but grammatically nominative.
इति (iti) - indicating direct thought or speech: 'saying/thinking she is dead' (thus, so, in this manner, indicating direct speech or thought)
(indeclinable)
वदन् (vadan) - while saying (speaking, saying)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vadat
vadat - speaking, saying, uttering
Present Active Participle
Derived from root `vad` (to speak).
Root: vad (class 1)
Note: In agreement with implied `aham`.
मुहुः (muhuḥ) - repeatedly, constantly, again and again
(indeclinable)
तथा (tathā) - even so, implying 'even under that condition' (thus, so, in that manner)
(indeclinable)
Correlative to `yathā`.
अपि (api) - even then (also, even, too, moreover)
(indeclinable)
अश्लाघ्यम् (aślāghyam) - not praiseworthy, not commendable, blameworthy
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of aślāghya
aślāghya - not praiseworthy, not laudable, blameworthy
Compound of `a` (negation) and `ślāghya` (praiseworthy).
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+ślāghya)
- a – not, non-
indeclinable
Negative prefix. - ślāghya – praiseworthy, laudable
adjective (masculine)
Gerundive
From root `ślāgh` (to praise).
Root: ślāgh (class 1)
एतत् (etat) - referring to the act of abandoning life (this, this one (neuter))
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of etad
etad - this, this one, that
Note: Subject of the clause.
नः (naḥ) - for us (dative sense) (to us, for us, by us, of us)
(pronoun)
Dative, plural of asmad
asmad - I, me, my, us, we, our
Note: Also can be genitive or accusative plural. Here, dative makes sense 'for us'.
वयम् (vayam) - we
(pronoun)
Nominative, plural of asmad
asmad - I, me, my, us, we, our
Note: Subject of the clause.
हि (hi) - for, introducing a reason (for, because, indeed)
(indeclinable)
पुरुषाः (puruṣāḥ) - men (as distinct from women) (men, males, persons (puruṣa))
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of puruṣa
puruṣa - man, male, person, human being, the Supreme Being, the cosmic person (puruṣa)
Note: Predicate noun for `vayam`.
किल (kila) - indeed (emphatic) (indeed, certainly, as is well known)
(indeclinable)