मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-23, verse-15
मयारिशातनं कार्यं राज्ञः शुश्रुषणं पितुः ।
जीवितं तस्य चायत्तं सन्त्याज्यं तत्कथं मया ॥१५॥
जीवितं तस्य चायत्तं सन्त्याज्यं तत्कथं मया ॥१५॥
15. mayāriśātanaṃ kāryaṃ rājñaḥ śuśruṣaṇaṃ pituḥ .
jīvitaṃ tasya cāyattaṃ santyājyaṃ tatkathaṃ mayā.
jīvitaṃ tasya cāyattaṃ santyājyaṃ tatkathaṃ mayā.
15.
mayā ariśātanam kāryam rājñaḥ śuśrūṣaṇam pituḥ
jīvitam tasya ca āyattam santyājyam tat katham mayā
jīvitam tasya ca āyattam santyājyam tat katham mayā
15.
I must carry out the destruction of enemies and render service to my father, the king. Since my life depends on him, how can it be forsaken by me?
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- मया (mayā) - by me
- अरिशातनम् (ariśātanam) - destruction of enemies
- कार्यम् (kāryam) - must be done (as a duty) (to be done, proper to be done, duty, action)
- राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - to the king (as object of service) (of the king, to the king)
- शुश्रूषणम् (śuśrūṣaṇam) - service (service, attendance, desire to hear)
- पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father or to the father (referring to the king) (of the father, to the father)
- जीवितम् (jīvitam) - one's own life (life, living, livelihood)
- तस्य (tasya) - on him (referring to the father, the king) (of him, to him (masculine/neuter))
- च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
- आयत्तम् (āyattam) - dependent on (dependent on, resting on, submitted to)
- सन्त्याज्यम् (santyājyam) - can it be abandoned (to be abandoned, fit to be given up)
- तत् (tat) - referring to 'my life' (`jīvitam`) (that, it (neuter))
- कथम् (katham) - how (can I)? (rhetorical question) (how?, in what manner?, why?)
- मया (mayā) - by me
Words meanings and morphology
मया (mayā) - by me
(pronoun)
Instrumental, singular of asmad
asmad - I, me, my
Note: Agent in passive construction.
अरिशातनम् (ariśātanam) - destruction of enemies
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of ariśātana
ariśātana - destruction of enemies, enemy-killing
Compound of `ari` (enemy) and `śātana` (destroying).
Compound type : tatpurusha (ari+śātana)
- ari – enemy, foe, rival
noun (masculine) - śātana – destroying, cutting off, causing to fall
noun (neuter)
Agent noun/Action noun
Derived from root `śat` (to cut, to destroy).
Root: śat (class 10)
Note: Subject of `kāryam`.
कार्यम् (kāryam) - must be done (as a duty) (to be done, proper to be done, duty, action)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya
kārya - to be done, fit to be done, practicable, duty, business, action, effect
Gerundive
Derived from root `kṛ` (to do) with suffix `-ya`.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: In agreement with `ariśātanam` and `śuśrūṣaṇam`.
राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - to the king (as object of service) (of the king, to the king)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan
rājan - king, ruler, sovereign
Masculine noun ending in `n`.
Root: rāj (class 1)
Note: May also be dative in sense 'for the king'.
शुश्रूषणम् (śuśrūṣaṇam) - service (service, attendance, desire to hear)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of śuśrūṣaṇa
śuśrūṣaṇa - service, attendance, devotion, desire to hear, learning
Action noun (Gerund of desiderative `śru`)
From desiderative stem of `śru` (to hear).
Root: śru (class 5)
Note: Subject of `kāryam`.
पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father or to the father (referring to the king) (of the father, to the father)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of pitṛ
pitṛ - father, ancestor
Masculine noun ending in `ṛ`.
Note: Also dative 'for the father'.
जीवितम् (jīvitam) - one's own life (life, living, livelihood)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of jīvita
jīvita - life, living, livelihood, means of subsistence
Noun derived from the root `jīv` (to live).
Root: jīv (class 1)
Note: Subject of the clause.
तस्य (tasya) - on him (referring to the father, the king) (of him, to him (masculine/neuter))
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Expresses relation to `āyattam`.
च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects clauses.
आयत्तम् (āyattam) - dependent on (dependent on, resting on, submitted to)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of āyatta
āyatta - dependent on, resting on, submitted to, within the power of
Past Passive Participle
Derived from `ā` + `yat` (to strive).
Prefix: ā
Root: yat (class 1)
Note: Takes genitive for the one on whom it depends.
सन्त्याज्यम् (santyājyam) - can it be abandoned (to be abandoned, fit to be given up)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of santyājya
santyājya - to be abandoned, fit to be given up, to be relinquished
Gerundive
Derived from `sam` + `tyaj` (to abandon) with suffix `-ya`.
Prefix: sam
Root: tyaj (class 1)
Note: In agreement with `tat` (referring to `jīvitam`).
तत् (tat) - referring to 'my life' (`jīvitam`) (that, it (neuter))
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Subject of `santyājyam`.
कथम् (katham) - how (can I)? (rhetorical question) (how?, in what manner?, why?)
(indeclinable)
Interrogative adverb from `kim`.
मया (mayā) - by me
(pronoun)
Instrumental, singular of asmad
asmad - I, me, my
Note: Agent in passive construction.