मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-23, verse-37
त्रयः कालास्तथावस्थाः पितरोऽहर्निशादयः ।
एतन्मात्रात्रयं देवि तव रूपं सरस्वति ॥३७॥
एतन्मात्रात्रयं देवि तव रूपं सरस्वति ॥३७॥
37. trayaḥ kālāstathāvasthāḥ pitaro'harniśādayaḥ .
etanmātrātrayaṃ devi tava rūpaṃ sarasvati.
etanmātrātrayaṃ devi tava rūpaṃ sarasvati.
37.
trayaḥ kālāḥ tathā avasthāḥ pitaraḥ aharniśādayaḥ
| etat mātrātrayam devi tava rūpam sarasvati
| etat mātrātrayam devi tava rūpam sarasvati
37.
There are three divisions of time (kāla) and likewise three states of being; also the ancestors, and phenomena such as day and night. O Goddess Sarasvati, this triplet of syllables (mātrās) is your very form.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three
- कालाः (kālāḥ) - past, present, future (times, periods)
- तथा (tathā) - likewise, similarly
- अवस्थाः (avasthāḥ) - waking, dreaming, deep sleep (jāgrat, svapna, suṣupti) (states, conditions)
- पितरः (pitaraḥ) - fathers, ancestors
- अहर्निशादयः (aharniśādayaḥ) - beginning with day and night, day, night, etc.
- एतत् (etat) - this, that
- मात्रात्रयम् (mātrātrayam) - the three parts (A-U-M) of the syllable Om (triplet of mātrās, three measures/syllables)
- देवि (devi) - O goddess
- तव (tava) - your, of you
- रूपम् (rūpam) - form, nature, appearance
- सरस्वति (sarasvati) - O Sarasvati
Words meanings and morphology
त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three
(numeral)
कालाः (kālāḥ) - past, present, future (times, periods)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of kāla
kāla - time, period, season, death, fate
Root: kal (class 10)
तथा (tathā) - likewise, similarly
(indeclinable)
अवस्थाः (avasthāḥ) - waking, dreaming, deep sleep (jāgrat, svapna, suṣupti) (states, conditions)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, plural of avasthā
avasthā - state, condition, stage, situation, position
From root sthā with upasarga ava
Prefix: ava
Root: sthā (class 1)
पितरः (pitaraḥ) - fathers, ancestors
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of pitṛ
pitṛ - father, ancestor, forefathers (especially the deceased ancestors worshipped with offerings)
अहर्निशादयः (aharniśādayaḥ) - beginning with day and night, day, night, etc.
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of aharniśādi
aharniśādi - beginning with day and night
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ahas+niśā+ādi)
- ahas – day
noun (neuter) - niśā – night
noun (feminine) - ādi – beginning, and so forth, etc.
noun (masculine)
Note: Denotes a category with day and night as primary examples.
एतत् (etat) - this, that
(pronoun)
neuter, singular of etad
etad - this, that (proximal demonstrative pronoun)
मात्रात्रयम् (mātrātrayam) - the three parts (A-U-M) of the syllable Om (triplet of mātrās, three measures/syllables)
(noun)
neuter, singular of mātrātraya
mātrātraya - a triplet of measures/syllables
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mātrā+traya)
- mātrā – measure, quantity, unit, syllable, elementary sound
noun (feminine)
From root mā (to measure)
Root: mā (class 2) - traya – a triad, a group of three
noun (neuter)
From tri (three)
देवि (devi) - O goddess
(noun)
Vocative, feminine, singular of devī
devī - goddess, divine woman
Feminine form of deva
Root: div (class 4)
तव (tava) - your, of you
(pronoun)
Genitive, singular of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you (2nd person pronoun)
रूपम् (rūpam) - form, nature, appearance
(noun)
neuter, singular of rūpa
rūpa - form, shape, appearance, nature, image, beauty
Root: rūp (class 1)
सरस्वति (sarasvati) - O Sarasvati
(proper noun)
Vocative, feminine, singular of sarasvatī
sarasvatī - Sarasvati (goddess of knowledge, music, art, speech, and learning), a river, speech, eloquence