मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-23, verse-17
मया नृशंस्यं कर्तव्यं नोपकार्यपकारि च ।
या मदर्थेऽत्यजत् प्राणांस्तदर्थेऽल्पमिदं मम ॥१७॥
या मदर्थेऽत्यजत् प्राणांस्तदर्थेऽल्पमिदं मम ॥१७॥
17. mayā nṛśaṃsyaṃ kartavyaṃ nopakāryapakāri ca .
yā madarthe'tyajat prāṇāṃstadarthe'lpamidaṃ mama.
yā madarthe'tyajat prāṇāṃstadarthe'lpamidaṃ mama.
17.
maya nṛśaṃsyam kartavyam na upakārya apakāri ca yā
mat arthe atyajat prāṇān tat arthe alpam idam mama
mat arthe atyajat prāṇān tat arthe alpam idam mama
17.
I must commit this cruelty, which is not for her benefit and is harmful. For her sake—she who gave up her life for me—this small offering is mine.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- मय (maya) - by me
- नृशंस्यम् (nṛśaṁsyam) - act of cruelty (cruelty, brutality, wickedness)
- कर्तव्यम् (kartavyam) - must be committed (to be done, ought to be done)
- न (na) - not (not, no)
- उपकार्य (upakārya) - beneficial (to her) (to be helped, to be benefited, beneficial)
- अपकारि (apakāri) - harmful (harmful, mischievous, injuring)
- च (ca) - and also (and, also, moreover)
- या (yā) - she who (who, which (feminine nominative singular))
- मत् (mat) - my (my, of me, for me)
- अर्थे (arthe) - for the sake (for the sake of, for the purpose of, for)
- अत्यजत् (atyajat) - gave up (gave up, abandoned, relinquished)
- प्राणान् (prāṇān) - life (lives, breaths, vital airs)
- तत् (tat) - for her (that, for her)
- अर्थे (arthe) - for the sake (for the sake of, for the purpose of, for)
- अल्पम् (alpam) - small (small, little, insignificant)
- इदम् (idam) - this (small offering/act) (this, this one (neuter nominative singular))
- मम (mama) - mine (my, mine, of me)
Words meanings and morphology
मय (maya) - by me
(pronoun)
Instrumental, singular of asmad
asmad - I, we
First person singular pronoun.
Note: Agent in passive construction ('kartavyam').
नृशंस्यम् (nṛśaṁsyam) - act of cruelty (cruelty, brutality, wickedness)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of nṛśaṃsya
nṛśaṁsya - cruelty, brutality, wickedness, atrocity
From 'nṛśaṃsa' (cruel, wicked) + 'ṣyañ' suffix for abstract noun.
Note: Subject of passive verb 'kartavyam'.
कर्तव्यम् (kartavyam) - must be committed (to be done, ought to be done)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of kartavya
kartavya - to be done, to be performed, duty, obligation
Gerundive / Future Passive Participle
Formed from root 'kṛ' + 'tavya' suffix.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Predicate adjective to 'nṛśaṃsyam'.
न (na) - not (not, no)
(indeclinable)
Negative particle.
उपकार्य (upakārya) - beneficial (to her) (to be helped, to be benefited, beneficial)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of upakārya
upakārya - to be helped, to be benefited, beneficial, helpful
Gerundive / Future Passive Participle
From 'upa' (prefix) + root 'kṛ' (to do) + 'ṇyat' suffix.
Prefix: upa
Root: kṛ (class 8)
अपकारि (apakāri) - harmful (harmful, mischievous, injuring)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of apakārin
apakārin - harmful, mischievous, injuring, an enemy
Agent Noun
From 'apa' (prefix) + root 'kṛ' (to do) + 'ṇin' suffix.
Prefix: apa
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Qualifies the implied action/object.
च (ca) - and also (and, also, moreover)
(indeclinable)
Conjunction.
Note: Connects 'na upakārya' and 'apakāri'.
या (yā) - she who (who, which (feminine nominative singular))
(pronoun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of yad
yad - who, which, what, that
Relative pronoun.
Note: Refers to the woman.
मत् (mat) - my (my, of me, for me)
(pronoun)
singular of asmad
asmad - I, we
First person pronoun. Base form for various cases.
Note: Stem form used in compound 'madarthe'.
अर्थे (arthe) - for the sake (for the sake of, for the purpose of, for)
(indeclinable)
Note: Forms a compound 'madarthe'.
अत्यजत् (atyajat) - gave up (gave up, abandoned, relinquished)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of tyaj
Imperfect tense, active voice, 3rd person singular
Root 'tyaj' (class 1, bhvādi), imperfect, parasmaipada, with augment 'a-'.
Root: tyaj (class 1)
प्राणान् (prāṇān) - life (lives, breaths, vital airs)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of prāṇa
prāṇa - breath, vital air, life, spirit
From 'pra' (prefix) + root 'an' (to breathe).
Prefix: pra
Root: an (class 2)
Note: Object of 'atyajat'.
तत् (tat) - for her (that, for her)
(pronoun)
feminine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Demonstrative pronoun.
अर्थे (arthe) - for the sake (for the sake of, for the purpose of, for)
(indeclinable)
Note: Forms a compound 'tadarthe'.
अल्पम् (alpam) - small (small, little, insignificant)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of alpa
alpa - small, little, few, insignificant, short
इदम् (idam) - this (small offering/act) (this, this one (neuter nominative singular))
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of idam
idam - this, this one, here
Demonstrative pronoun.
मम (mama) - mine (my, mine, of me)
(pronoun)
Genitive, singular of asmad
asmad - I, we
First person singular pronoun.
Note: Possessive.