मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-23, verse-41
न चास्ये न च तज्जिह्वा ताम्रोष्ठादिभिरुच्यते ।
इन्द्रोऽपि वसवो ब्रह्मा चन्द्राकौ ज्योतिरेव च ॥४१॥
इन्द्रोऽपि वसवो ब्रह्मा चन्द्राकौ ज्योतिरेव च ॥४१॥
41. na cāsye na ca tajjihvā tāmroṣṭhādibhirucyate .
indro'pi vasavo brahmā candrākau jyotireva ca.
indro'pi vasavo brahmā candrākau jyotireva ca.
41.
na ca āsye na ca tat jihvā tāmroṣṭhādibhiḥ ucyate |
indraḥ api vasavaḥ brahmā candrārkau jyotiḥ eva ca
indraḥ api vasavaḥ brahmā candrārkau jyotiḥ eva ca
41.
That (supreme form) is not described by any mouth, nor by any tongue, nor by red lips and such. Even Indra, the Vasus, Brahma, the moon and the sun, and indeed light itself (cannot describe it).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- न (na) - not, nor
- च (ca) - and, also, moreover
- आस्ये (āsye) - in the mouth, by the mouth
- न (na) - not, nor
- च (ca) - and, also, moreover
- तत् (tat) - that, it
- जिह्वा (jihvā) - tongue
- ताम्रोष्ठादिभिः (tāmroṣṭhādibhiḥ) - by red lips and others, etc.
- उच्यते (ucyate) - is spoken, is said, is described
- इन्द्रः (indraḥ) - Indra (king of gods)
- अपि (api) - even, also
- वसवः (vasavaḥ) - the Vasus (a class of Vedic deities)
- ब्रह्मा (brahmā) - Brahma (the creator god)
- चन्द्रार्कौ (candrārkau) - the moon and the sun
- ज्योतिः (jyotiḥ) - light, radiance, celestial body
- एव (eva) - indeed, only, just
- च (ca) - and, also
Words meanings and morphology
न (na) - not, nor
(indeclinable)
Negative particle
Note: Used with `ca` for 'nor'.
च (ca) - and, also, moreover
(indeclinable)
Conjunction
Note: Used with `na` for 'nor'.
आस्ये (āsye) - in the mouth, by the mouth
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of āsya
āsya - mouth, face, opening
Note: Used here in the sense of instrumental, 'by the mouth'.
न (na) - not, nor
(indeclinable)
Negative particle
Note: Used with `ca` for 'nor'.
च (ca) - and, also, moreover
(indeclinable)
Conjunction
Note: Used with `na` for 'nor'.
तत् (tat) - that, it
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, it
Demonstrative pronoun.
Note: Refers to the subject that is not described.
जिह्वा (jihvā) - tongue
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of jihvā
jihvā - tongue, speech
Note: Subject of the implied `ucyate` (is spoken) clause.
ताम्रोष्ठादिभिः (tāmroṣṭhādibhiḥ) - by red lips and others, etc.
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of tāmroṣṭhādi
tāmroṣṭhādi - red lips and so on
Dvigu or Tatpuruṣa compound with `ādi` suffix (etc.).
Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (tāmra+oṣṭha+ādi)
- tāmra – red, coppery
adjective (neuter) - oṣṭha – lip
noun (masculine) - ādi – beginning, and so on, et cetera
indeclinable
Suffix indicating 'etc.'
Note: Agent of the passive verb `ucyate` (is spoken).
उच्यते (ucyate) - is spoken, is said, is described
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vac
Present tense, passive voice, 3rd person singular.
Root: vac (class 2)
Note: The implied subject is the form described in the previous verse.
इन्द्रः (indraḥ) - Indra (king of gods)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of indra
indra - Indra, king of the gods, ruler of Svarga
Note: Part of a list of deities/entities.
अपि (api) - even, also
(indeclinable)
Emphatic particle
Note: Emphasizes `Indra`.
वसवः (vasavaḥ) - the Vasus (a class of Vedic deities)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of vasu
vasu - Vasu (a class of demigods, attendants of Indra), wealth, good
Note: Part of a list of deities/entities.
ब्रह्मा (brahmā) - Brahma (the creator god)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of brahman
brahman - Brahma (the creator god), universal spirit (brahman), prayer, sacred word
Note: Part of a list of deities/entities.
चन्द्रार्कौ (candrārkau) - the moon and the sun
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, dual of candrārka
candrārka - the moon and the sun
Itaretara-dvandva compound.
Compound type : itaretara-dvandva (candra+arka)
- candra – moon, lunar
noun (masculine) - arka – sun, ray, fire
noun (masculine)
Note: Part of a list of entities.
ज्योतिः (jyotiḥ) - light, radiance, celestial body
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of jyotis
jyotis - light, brilliance, star, celestial body
Note: Part of a list of entities.
एव (eva) - indeed, only, just
(indeclinable)
Emphatic particle
Note: Emphasizes `jyotiḥ`.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
Conjunction
Note: Connects the last element of the list.