मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-23, verse-53
ज्ञास्यसे मत्प्रसादेन भुजगेन्द्रापरं तथा ।
चतुर्विधं पदं तालं त्रिः प्रकारं लयत्रयम् ॥५३॥
चतुर्विधं पदं तालं त्रिः प्रकारं लयत्रयम् ॥५३॥
53. jñāsyase matprasādena bhujagendrāparaṃ tathā .
caturvidhaṃ padaṃ tālaṃ triḥ prakāraṃ layatrayam.
caturvidhaṃ padaṃ tālaṃ triḥ prakāraṃ layatrayam.
53.
jñāsyase matprasādena bhujagendra aparam tathā
caturvidham padam tālam triḥ prakāram layatrayam
caturvidham padam tālam triḥ prakāram layatrayam
53.
By my grace, O king of serpents (bhujagendra), you will further understand the four types of *pada* (musical phrases) and *tāla* (rhythmic cycle), as well as the three kinds of tempo (laya).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- ज्ञास्यसे (jñāsyase) - you will understand (you will know, you will understand)
- मत्प्रसादेन (matprasādena) - by my grace (by my grace, by my favor)
- भुजगेन्द्र (bhujagendra) - O king of serpents
- अपरम् (aparam) - furthermore, in addition (other, different, subsequent, further)
- तथा (tathā) - as well as (likewise, so, thus, and)
- चतुर्विधम् (caturvidham) - the four types of (fourfold, of four kinds)
- पदम् (padam) - musical phrases/sections (step, foot, word, musical phrase)
- तालम् (tālam) - rhythmic cycle (tāla) (rhythm, beat, rhythmic cycle)
- त्रिः (triḥ) - three (thrice, three times)
- प्रकारम् (prakāram) - kinds (kind, type, manner, way)
- लयत्रयम् (layatrayam) - the three kinds of tempo (laya) (three tempos, a triad of layas)
Words meanings and morphology
ज्ञास्यसे (jñāsyase) - you will understand (you will know, you will understand)
(verb)
2nd person , singular, middle, future (lṛṭ) of jñā
Root: jñā (class 9)
मत्प्रसादेन (matprasādena) - by my grace (by my grace, by my favor)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of matprasāda
matprasāda - my grace, my favor
Compound of 'mad' (my) and 'prasāda' (grace).
Compound type : Genitive Tatpurusha (mad+prasāda)
- mad – my, mine
pronoun
Genitive singular of aham (I) - prasāda – grace, favor, clearness, calmness
noun (masculine)
Derived from pra-sad (to be gracious)
Prefix: pra
Root: sad (class 1)
भुजगेन्द्र (bhujagendra) - O king of serpents
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of bhujagendra
bhujagendra - king of serpents, chief of serpents
Compound of 'bhujaga' (serpent) and 'indra' (chief/king).
Compound type : Genitive Tatpurusha (bhujaga+indra)
- bhujaga – serpent, snake
noun (masculine)
Literally 'moving on the arm/shoulder'. - indra – king, chief, best
noun (masculine)
अपरम् (aparam) - furthermore, in addition (other, different, subsequent, further)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of apara
apara - other, another, western, inferior, subsequent
Note: Used adverbially here.
तथा (tathā) - as well as (likewise, so, thus, and)
(indeclinable)
चतुर्विधम् (caturvidham) - the four types of (fourfold, of four kinds)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of caturvidha
caturvidha - fourfold, of four kinds
Compound of 'catur' (four) and 'vidha' (kind/type).
Compound type : Bahuvrihi (catur+vidha)
- catur – four
numeral - vidha – kind, sort, type
noun (masculine)
Note: Qualifies `padam` and `tālam`.
पदम् (padam) - musical phrases/sections (step, foot, word, musical phrase)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of pada
pada - foot, step, word, portion, verse, musical phrase
Root: pad (class 4)
तालम् (tālam) - rhythmic cycle (tāla) (rhythm, beat, rhythmic cycle)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of tāla
tāla - musical time, rhythm, beat, clap; a lock, key
त्रिः (triḥ) - three (thrice, three times)
(indeclinable)
Adverbial form of 'tri' (three).
प्रकारम् (prakāram) - kinds (kind, type, manner, way)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of prakāra
prakāra - kind, type, manner, mode
Derived from pra-kṛ (to make, do).
Prefix: pra
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Used here to denote 'three kinds' in connection with `layatrayam`.
लयत्रयम् (layatrayam) - the three kinds of tempo (laya) (three tempos, a triad of layas)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of layatraya
layatraya - triad of tempos, three layas
Compound of 'laya' (tempo) and 'traya' (triad).
Compound type : Dvigu (laya+traya)
- laya – tempo, rhythm, absorption, dissolution
noun (masculine)
From root lī (to dissolve, cling, melt)
Root: lī (class 4) - traya – a triad, group of three
noun (neuter)
From tri (three) + aya (suffix)