महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-50, verse-9

ततः प्रववृते युद्धं घोररूपं भयानकम् ।
प्रजानन्न च योधान्स्वान्परस्परजिघांसया ॥९॥

9. tataḥ pravavṛte yuddhaṁ ghorarūpaṁ bhayānakam ,
prajānanna ca yodhānsvānparasparajighāṁsayā.

9. tataḥ pravavṛte yuddham ghorarūpam bhayānakam
prajānan na ca yodhān svān parasparajighāṃsayā

9. tataḥ ghorarūpam bhayānakam yuddham pravavṛte,
ca parasparajighāṃsayā svān yodhān na prajānan

9. Then a battle of dreadful and terrifying nature commenced, where warriors, driven by a mutual desire to kill, no longer recognized their own comrades.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from there

• प्रववृते (pravavṛte) - commenced, began

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight

• घोररूपम् (ghorarūpam) - of dreadful form, terrible

• भयानकम् (bhayānakam) - dreadful, terrifying, frightful

• प्रजानन् (prajānan) - recognizing, knowing

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also

• योधान् (yodhān) - warriors, soldiers

• स्वान् (svān) - their own

• परस्परजिघांसया (parasparajighāṁsayā) - by the desire to kill each other, due to mutual animosity

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from there

(indeclinable)

Adverb derived from the pronoun 'tad'

प्रववृते (pravavṛte) - commenced, began

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past perfect (lit) of vṛt

Perfect 3rd singular middle voice of root 'vṛt' with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'yudh' (to fight); nominative/accusative singular neuter

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'pravavṛte'

घोररूपम् (ghorarūpam) - of dreadful form, terrible

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ghorarūpa

ghorarūpa - dreadful-looking, terrifying in form

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ghora+rūpa)

• ghora – dreadful, terrible, fearful
  adjective
• rūpa – form, shape, appearance, nature
  noun (neuter)
  Root: rūp (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'yuddham'

भयानकम् (bhayānakam) - dreadful, terrifying, frightful

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhayānaka

bhayānaka - frightful, dreadful, terrible

Derived from 'bhaya' (fear) with the suffix '-ānaka'

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Agrees with 'yuddham'

प्रजानन् (prajānan) - recognizing, knowing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jñā

jñā - to know, perceive, recognize

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of root 'jñā' with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Acts as an adjective describing the warriors

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

योधान् (yodhān) - warriors, soldiers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of yodha

yodha - warrior, soldier

Derived from root 'yudh' (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Object of 'prajānan'

स्वान् (svān) - their own

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sva

sva - own, one's own, self

Note: Agrees with 'yodhān'

परस्परजिघांसया (parasparajighāṁsayā) - by the desire to kill each other, due to mutual animosity

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of parasparajighāṃsā

parasparajighāṁsā - mutual desire to kill, reciprocal intention to kill

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (paraspara+jighāṃsā)

• paraspara – mutual, reciprocal, each other
  pronoun
• jighāṃsā – desire to kill, bloodthirstiness
  noun (feminine)
  desiderative noun
  Desiderative formation from root 'han' (to kill)
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Indicates cause or reason