महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-50, verse-64

अथाशोकः समादाय रथं हेमपरिष्कृतम् ।
भीमं संपादयामास रथेन रथसारथिः ॥६४॥

64. athāśokaḥ samādāya rathaṁ hemapariṣkṛtam ,
bhīmaṁ saṁpādayāmāsa rathena rathasārathiḥ.

64. atha aśokaḥ samādāya ratham hemapariṣkṛtam
bhīmam sampādayāmāsa rathena rathasārathiḥ

64. atha rathasārathiḥ aśokaḥ hemapariṣkṛtam
ratham samādāya bhīmam rathena sampādayāmāsa

64. Then Aśoka, the charioteer, taking a chariot adorned with gold, supplied Bhīma with that chariot.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then (then, now, moreover)

• अशोकः (aśokaḥ) - Aśoka (Bhīma's charioteer) (Aśoka (proper name), free from sorrow)

• समादाय (samādāya) - taking, having taken (having taken, having seized, having accepted)

• रथम् (ratham) - a chariot (chariot)

• हेमपरिष्कृतम् (hemapariṣkṛtam) - adorned with gold (adorned with gold, decorated with gold)

• भीमम् (bhīmam) - Bhīma (Bhīma (accusative))

• सम्पादयामास (sampādayāmāsa) - supplied (him) (supplied, furnished, caused to be brought together)

• रथेन (rathena) - with a chariot (by a chariot, with a chariot)

• रथसारथिः (rathasārathiḥ) - (Bhīma's) charioteer (charioteer)

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then (then, now, moreover)

(indeclinable)

particle indicating commencement or sequence

अशोकः (aśokaḥ) - Aśoka (Bhīma's charioteer) (Aśoka (proper name), free from sorrow)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aśoka

aśoka - free from sorrow; name of a tree; proper name

From 'a' (not) and 'śoka' (sorrow).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+śoka)

• a – not, un-
  prefix/indeclinable
  Negative particle.
• śoka – sorrow, grief, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
  From root √śuc (to grieve, burn).
  Root: śuc (class 1)

समादाय (samādāya) - taking, having taken (having taken, having seized, having accepted)

(indeclinable participle)

रथम् (ratham) - a chariot (chariot)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

From root √rā (to go, move).

Root: rā (class 2)

हेमपरिष्कृतम् (hemapariṣkṛtam) - adorned with gold (adorned with gold, decorated with gold)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hemapariṣkṛta

hemapariṣkṛta - adorned with gold, embellished with gold

Past Passive Participle

From 'heman' (gold) and 'pariṣkṛta' (adorned).

Compound type : instrumental tatpurusha (heman+pariṣkṛta)

• heman – gold
  noun (neuter)
• pariṣkṛta – adorned, decorated, prepared
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √kṛ (to do, make) with prefix pari and 's' augment.
  Prefix: pari
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'ratham'.

भीमम् (bhīmam) - Bhīma (Bhīma (accusative))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhīma (name), terrible, dreadful

सम्पादयामास (sampādayāmāsa) - supplied (him) (supplied, furnished, caused to be brought together)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of sampādaya

Periphrastic Perfect (from causative stem)

From root √pad (to go, obtain) with prefixes sam and ā, in causative formation (pādaya) and then periphrastic perfect with āmāsa.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Formed from causative of `sampad` + `āmāsa` (auxiliary verb).

रथेन (rathena) - with a chariot (by a chariot, with a chariot)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

From root √rā (to go, move).

Root: rā (class 2)

रथसारथिः (rathasārathiḥ) - (Bhīma's) charioteer (charioteer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rathasārathi

rathasārathi - charioteer

Compound of `ratha` (chariot) and `sārathi` (driver).

Compound type : tatpurusha (ratha+sārathi)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
  From root √rā (to go, move).
  Root: rā (class 2)
• sārathi – charioteer, driver
  noun (masculine)
  From `sa` (with) + `ratha` (chariot) + suffix -i, or from root √sṛ (to go).
  Root: sṛ (class 1)

Note: Acts as an apposition to Aśoka.