महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-50, verse-27

तमापतन्तं वेगेन प्रेरितं निशितं शरम् ।
भीमसेनो द्विधा राजंश्चिच्छेद विपुलासिना ।
उदक्रोशच्च संहृष्टस्त्रासयानो वरूथिनीम् ॥२७॥

27. tamāpatantaṁ vegena preritaṁ niśitaṁ śaram ,
bhīmaseno dvidhā rājaṁściccheda vipulāsinā ,
udakrośacca saṁhṛṣṭastrāsayāno varūthinīm.

27. tam āpatantam vegena preritam
niśitam śaram bhīmasenaḥ dvidhā rājan
ciccheda vipulāsinā udakrośat ca
saṃhṛṣṭaḥ trāsayānaḥ varūthinīm

27. rājan,
saṃhṛṣṭaḥ bhīmasenaḥ vegena preritam niśitam āpatantam tam śaram vipulāsinā dvidhā ciccheda.
ca varūthinīm trāsayānaḥ udakrośat.

27. O King, Bhimasena, filled with great delight, cut that sharp arrow—which was approaching swiftly after being discharged—into two halves with his large sword. He then roared, striking terror into the enemy army.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him, it, that

• आपतन्तम् (āpatantam) - approaching, falling upon, coming

• वेगेन (vegena) - with speed, rapidly, by force

• प्रेरितम् (preritam) - impelled, discharged, propelled

• निशितम् (niśitam) - sharp, whetted, keen

• शरम् (śaram) - arrow

• भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhimasena, one of the Pandava brothers. (Bhimasena (a specific person))

• द्विधा (dvidhā) - into two parts, in two ways

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - he cut, he divided

• विपुलासिना (vipulāsinā) - with a large sword, by means of a great sword

• उदक्रोशत् (udakrośat) - he roared out, he cried out

• च (ca) - and

• संहृष्टः (saṁhṛṣṭaḥ) - greatly delighted, exceedingly joyful

• त्रासयानः (trāsayānaḥ) - causing fear, terrifying, frightening

• वरूथिनीम् (varūthinīm) - army, host, troops

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him, it, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to śaram (arrow), which is masculine.

आपतन्तम् (āpatantam) - approaching, falling upon, coming

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āpatat

āpatat - approaching, falling upon

Present Active Participle

Derived from √pat (to fall) with prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Qualifies śaram (arrow).

वेगेन (vegena) - with speed, rapidly, by force

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vega

vega - speed, velocity, force, impulse

Root: vij (class 7)

प्रेरितम् (preritam) - impelled, discharged, propelled

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prerita

prerita - impelled, sent forth, discharged

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √īr (to move, excite) with prefix pra-, in causative.

Prefix: pra

Root: īr (class 2)

Note: Qualifies śaram (arrow).

निशितम् (niśitam) - sharp, whetted, keen

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of niśita

niśita - sharpened, keen, whetted

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √śo (to sharpen) with prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: śo (class 4)

Note: Qualifies śaram (arrow).

शरम् (śaram) - arrow

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śara

śara - arrow, reed

Note: Object of 'cut'.

भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhimasena, one of the Pandava brothers. (Bhimasena (a specific person))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhimasena (proper noun)

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhīma+sena)

• bhīma – terrible, formidable
  adjective
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• sena – army, host
  noun (feminine)

Note: Subject of 'cut' and 'roared'.

द्विधा (dvidhā) - into two parts, in two ways

(indeclinable)

Suffix -dhā meaning 'in X parts/ways'.

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Address to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - he cut, he divided

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of √chid

Perfect tense (Liṭ)

Reduplicated perfect, 3rd person singular.

Root: chid (class 7)

विपुलासिना (vipulāsinā) - with a large sword, by means of a great sword

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vipulāsi

vipulāsi - large sword

Compound type : karma-dhāraya (vipula+asi)

• vipula – large, extensive, broad
  adjective
• asi – sword
  noun (masculine)

Note: Instrument by which Bhimasena cut the arrow.

उदक्रोशत् (udakrośat) - he roared out, he cried out

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of √kruś

Imperfect tense (Laṅ)

3rd person singular, prefix ud-.

Prefix: ud

Root: kruś (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

संहृष्टः (saṁhṛṣṭaḥ) - greatly delighted, exceedingly joyful

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃhṛṣṭa

saṁhṛṣṭa - greatly delighted, joyful

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √hṛṣ (to be excited, delighted) with prefix sam-.

Prefix: sam

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Qualifies Bhimasena.

त्रासयानः (trāsayānaḥ) - causing fear, terrifying, frightening

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of trāsayāna

trāsayāna - terrifying, causing fear

Present Middle Participle (Causative)

Derived from √tras (to tremble, fear) in causative (trāsaya) with middle voice present participle suffix -āna.

Root: tras (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Bhimasena, indicates an action done concurrently with roaring.

वरूथिनीम् (varūthinīm) - army, host, troops

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of varūthinī

varūthinī - army, host of troops

Note: Object of 'terrifying'.