महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-50, verse-1

धृतराष्ट्र उवाच ।
तथा प्रतिसमादिष्टः कलिङ्गो वाहिनीपतिः ।
कथमद्भुतकर्माणं भीमसेनं महाबलम् ॥१॥

1. dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca ,
tathā pratisamādiṣṭaḥ kaliṅgo vāhinīpatiḥ ,
kathamadbhutakarmāṇaṁ bhīmasenaṁ mahābalam.

1. dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca tathā pratisamādiṣṭaḥ kaliṅgaḥ
vāhinīpatiḥ katham adbhutakarmāṇam bhīmasenam mahābalam

1. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ uvāca.
tathā pratisamādiṣṭaḥ vāhinīpatiḥ kaliṅgaḥ adbhutakarmāṇam mahābalam bhīmasenam katham (yodhayāmāsa)?

1. Dhṛtarāṣṭra said: 'How did the Kaliṅga commander, thus instructed, manage to fight Bhīmasena, who performed marvelous deeds (karma) and possessed immense strength?'

Words meanings summery:

• धृतराष्ट्र (dhṛtarāṣṭra) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (blind king, father of Kauravas)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, he spoke)

• तथा (tathā) - thus (thus, so, in that manner)

• प्रतिसमादिष्टः (pratisamādiṣṭaḥ) - being commanded/instructed (commanded, instructed, ordered)

• कलिङ्गः (kaliṅgaḥ) - the Kaliṅga commander (the Kaliṅga (king/warrior))

• वाहिनीपतिः (vāhinīpatiḥ) - commander of the army (commander of an army, general)

• कथम् (katham) - how (how, in what manner)

• अद्भुतकर्माणम् (adbhutakarmāṇam) - who performed marvelous deeds (karma) (who performed wonderful deeds, of marvelous actions)

• भीमसेनम् (bhīmasenam) - Bhīmasena (Bhīmasena (name of a warrior, i.e., Bhīma))

• महाबलम् (mahābalam) - possessing immense strength (of great strength, mighty)

Words meanings and morphology

धृतराष्ट्र (dhṛtarāṣṭra) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (blind king, father of Kauravas)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (name of the blind king of the Kauravas)

उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of vac

Root √vac, perfect tense.

Root: vac (class 2)

तथा (tathā) - thus (thus, so, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

प्रतिसमादिष्टः (pratisamādiṣṭaḥ) - being commanded/instructed (commanded, instructed, ordered)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratisamādiṣṭa

pratisamādiṣṭa - commanded, instructed, advised, ordered

past passive participle

from root √diś with upasargas prati-sam-ā.

Prefixes: prati+sam+ā

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Refers to the Kaliṅga commander being instructed.

कलिङ्गः (kaliṅgaḥ) - the Kaliṅga commander (the Kaliṅga (king/warrior))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaliṅga

kaliṅga - name of a country; an inhabitant or king of Kaliṅga

वाहिनीपतिः (vāhinīpatiḥ) - commander of the army (commander of an army, general)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāhinīpati

vāhinīpati - lord of an army, commander, general

compound of vāhinī (army) and pati (lord).

Compound type : tatpurusha (vāhinī+pati)

• vāhinī – army, host, river
  noun (feminine)
  Root: vah (class 1)
• pati – lord, master, husband, ruler
  noun (masculine)

कथम् (katham) - how (how, in what manner)

(indeclinable)

अद्भुतकर्माणम् (adbhutakarmāṇam) - who performed marvelous deeds (karma) (who performed wonderful deeds, of marvelous actions)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of adbhutakarman

adbhutakarman - performing wonderful deeds, of marvelous actions

compound of adbhuta (wonderful) and karman (deed).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (adbhuta+karman)

• adbhuta – wonderful, astonishing, marvelous, supernatural
  adjective
• karman – deed, action, work, ritual action (karma)
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

भीमसेनम् (bhīmasenam) - Bhīmasena (Bhīmasena (name of a warrior, i.e., Bhīma))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhīmasena (name of the second Pāṇḍava, also known as Bhīma)

महाबलम् (mahābalam) - possessing immense strength (of great strength, mighty)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - of great strength, mighty, powerful

compound of mahā (great) and bala (strength).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)