महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-50, verse-100

प्रत्यविध्यत तान्सर्वान्पिता देवव्रतस्तव ।
यतमानान्महेष्वासांस्त्रिभिस्त्रिभिरजिह्मगैः ॥१००॥

100. pratyavidhyata tānsarvānpitā devavratastava ,
yatamānānmaheṣvāsāṁstribhistribhirajihmagaiḥ.

100. pratyavidhyata tān sarvān pitā devavrataḥ tava
yatamānān maheṣvāsān tribhiḥ tribhiḥ ajihmagaiḥ

100. tava pitā devavrataḥ pratyavidhyata tān sarvān
yatamānān maheṣvāsān tribhiḥ tribhiḥ ajihmagaiḥ

100. Your father, Devavrata (Bhīṣma), in turn struck all those striving great archers with three straight arrows each.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रत्यविध्यत (pratyavidhyata) - he pierced back, he counter-struck

• तान् (tān) - them, those

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, everyone

• पिता (pitā) - father

• देवव्रतः (devavrataḥ) - Devavrata (Bhīṣma)

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• यतमानान् (yatamānān) - striving, endeavoring

• महेष्वासान् (maheṣvāsān) - great archers

• त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - by three (arrows each) (by three)

• त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - by three (arrows each) (by three)

• अजिह्मगैः (ajihmagaiḥ) - by straight-flying ones, by straight arrows

Words meanings and morphology

प्रत्यविध्यत (pratyavidhyata) - he pierced back, he counter-struck

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of prati-√vyadh

Imperfect tense

3rd person singular imperfect middle (ātmanepada) of the verb prati-√vyadh (to pierce, strike). 'Prati' indicates 'back, in return'.

Prefix: prati

Root: √vyadh (class 4)

तान् (tān) - them, those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, everyone

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, whole, every

Note: Adjective for tān.

पिता (pitā) - father

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

देवव्रतः (devavrataḥ) - Devavrata (Bhīṣma)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of devavrata

devavrata - Devavrata (Bhīṣma's original name), having a divine vow

Compound of deva (god) and vrata (vow).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+vrata)

• deva – god, deity, divine
  noun (masculine)
  Root: √div (class 4)
• vrata – vow, sacred observance, religious practice
  noun (neuter)
  Root: √vṛ (class 5)

Note: An epithet for Bhīṣma, referring to his great vow.

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

यतमानान् (yatamānān) - striving, endeavoring

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of yatamāna

yatamāna - striving, endeavoring, exerting oneself

Present Middle Participle

Present middle participle of √yat (to strive, endeavor).

Root: √yat (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying maheṣvāsān.

महेष्वासान् (maheṣvāsān) - great archers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - great archer

Compound of mahat (great) and iṣvāsa (archer).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+iṣvāsa)

• mahat – great, large, powerful
  adjective
• iṣvāsa – bow, archer (lit. "having a bow")
  noun (masculine)
  Refers to one who wields a bow.

त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - by three (arrows each) (by three)

(numeral)

त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - by three (arrows each) (by three)

(numeral)

अजिह्मगैः (ajihmagaiḥ) - by straight-flying ones, by straight arrows

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ajihmaga

ajihmaga - straight-going, direct, not crooked; an arrow

Compound of 'a' (not) and 'jihmaga' (crooked-going). 'jihma' (crooked, indirect) + 'ga' (going).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jihmaga)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative particle.
• jihmaga – crooked-going, indirect
  adjective (masculine)
  Compound of jihma (crooked) and ga (going).

Note: Adjective for śaraiḥ (implied, as ajihmagaiḥ itself implies arrows).