महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-50, verse-13

योधांश्च स्वान्परान्वापि नाभ्यजानञ्जिघांसया ।
स्वानप्याददते स्वाश्च शूराः समरदुर्जयाः ॥१३॥

13. yodhāṁśca svānparānvāpi nābhyajānañjighāṁsayā ,
svānapyādadate svāśca śūrāḥ samaradurjayāḥ.

13. yodhān ca svān parān vā api na abhyajānan jighāṃsayā
| svān api ādadate svāḥ ca śūrāḥ samaradurjayāḥ

13. samaradurjayāḥ śūrāḥ yodhān ca svān parān vā api
jighāṃsayā na abhyajānan svān api svāḥ ca ādadate

13. The heroes, invincible in battle, did not recognize their own warriors or even enemies due to the desire to kill; they even attacked their own people and their very own comrades.

Words meanings summery:

• योधान् (yodhān) - warriors, fighters

• च (ca) - and

• स्वान् (svān) - their own (people/warriors)

• परान् (parān) - others, enemies

• वा (vā) - or

• अपि (api) - even, also

• न (na) - not

• अभ्यजानन् (abhyajānan) - they did not recognize, they did not distinguish

• जिघांसया (jighāṁsayā) - by the desire to kill, with the intent to kill

• स्वान् (svān) - their own (people/warriors)

• अपि (api) - even, also

• आददते (ādadate) - they attacked, they seized

• स्वाः (svāḥ) - their own (comrades)

• च (ca) - and

• शूराः (śūrāḥ) - heroes, brave ones

• समरदुर्जयाः (samaradurjayāḥ) - invincible in battle, difficult to conquer in war

Words meanings and morphology

योधान् (yodhān) - warriors, fighters

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of yodha

yodha - warrior, fighter, soldier

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Object of 'abhyajānan'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

स्वान् (svān) - their own (people/warriors)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sva

sva - one's own, own people

Note: Refers to their own warriors/comrades.

परान् (parān) - others, enemies

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of para

para - other, hostile, enemy

Note: Refers to enemy warriors.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of negation.

अभ्यजानन् (abhyajānan) - they did not recognize, they did not distinguish

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhijñā

Imperfect tense (Laṅ)

3rd person plural, imperfect active. Root 'jñā' with upasarga 'abhi'.

Prefix: abhi

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: The negation 'na' is placed before this verb.

जिघांसया (jighāṁsayā) - by the desire to kill, with the intent to kill

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of jighāṃsā

jighāṁsā - desire to kill, bloodthirstiness

Desiderative noun from root 'han' (to kill).

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Denotes the cause or reason.

स्वान् (svān) - their own (people/warriors)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sva

sva - one's own, own people

Note: Object of 'ādadate'.

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic.

आददते (ādadate) - they attacked, they seized

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of ādā

Present tense (Laṭ)

3rd person plural, present middle (ātmanepada). Root 'dā' with upasarga 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

स्वाः (svāḥ) - their own (comrades)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sva

sva - one's own, own people

Note: Repetition for emphasis, referring to their own people/comrades, similar to 'svān'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

शूराः (śūrāḥ) - heroes, brave ones

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - hero, brave man, warrior

Note: Subject of the first sentence's implied verb, and descriptor for the second.

समरदुर्जयाः (samaradurjayāḥ) - invincible in battle, difficult to conquer in war

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samaradurjaya

samaradurjaya - invincible in battle, difficult to conquer in war

Compound adjective: 'samara' (battle) + 'durjaya' (difficult to conquer).

Compound type : tatpurusha (samara+durjaya)

• samara – battle, war, combat
  noun (masculine)
• durjaya – difficult to conquer, invincible
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive/Future Passive Participle
  Derived from 'dur' (difficult) + root 'ji' (to conquer) + 'ya' suffix.
  Prefix: dur
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'śūrāḥ'.