महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-50, verse-76

हतारोहाश्च मातङ्गाः पाण्डवेन महात्मना ।
विप्रजग्मुरनीकेषु मेघा वातहता इव ।
मृद्नन्तः स्वान्यनीकानि विनदन्तः शरातुराः ॥७६॥

76. hatārohāśca mātaṅgāḥ pāṇḍavena mahātmanā ,
viprajagmuranīkeṣu meghā vātahatā iva ,
mṛdnantaḥ svānyanīkāni vinadantaḥ śarāturāḥ.

76. hatārohāḥ ca mātaṅgāḥ pāṇḍavena
mahātmanā viprajagmuḥ anīkeṣu
meghāḥ vātahatāḥ iva mṛdnantaḥ
svāni anīkāni vinadantaḥ śarāturāḥ

76. ca pāṇḍavena mahātmanā hatārohāḥ
mātaṅgāḥ vātahatāḥ meghāḥ iva
anīkeṣu viprajagmuḥ śarāturāḥ
svāni anīkāni mṛdnantaḥ vinadantaḥ

76. And the elephants, their riders slain by the great-souled Pāṇḍava (Bhīma), dispersed among the ranks like clouds scattered by the wind. Distressed by arrows, they trampled their own forces and roared.

Words meanings summery:

• हतारोहाः (hatārohāḥ) - whose riders are slain

• च (ca) - and, also

• मातङ्गाः (mātaṅgāḥ) - elephants, large elephants

• पाण्डवेन (pāṇḍavena) - by the Pāṇḍava (Bhīma) (by the Pāṇḍava, by the son of Pāṇḍu)

• महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled one, by the noble-minded

• विप्रजग्मुः (viprajagmuḥ) - they dispersed, they fled, they scattered

• अनीकेषु (anīkeṣu) - in the armies, among the ranks

• मेघाः (meghāḥ) - clouds

• वातहताः (vātahatāḥ) - struck by wind, scattered by wind

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• मृद्नन्तः (mṛdnantaḥ) - trampling, crushing, destroying

• स्वानि (svāni) - their own

• अनीकानि (anīkāni) - armies, forces, troops

• विनदन्तः (vinadantaḥ) - roaring, trumpeting, shouting

• शरातुराः (śarāturāḥ) - distressed by arrows, afflicted by arrows

Words meanings and morphology

हतारोहाः (hatārohāḥ) - whose riders are slain

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hatāroha

hatāroha - one whose riders are killed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hata+āroha)

• hata – killed, struck, destroyed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √han (to strike, kill), past passive participle.
  Root: han (class 2)
• āroha – rider, one who mounts
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ruh (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'mātaṅgāḥ'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

मातङ्गाः (mātaṅgāḥ) - elephants, large elephants

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mātaṅga

mātaṅga - elephant, large elephant

पाण्डवेन (pāṇḍavena) - by the Pāṇḍava (Bhīma) (by the Pāṇḍava, by the son of Pāṇḍu)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava prince

Note: Refers to Bhīma.

महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled one, by the noble-minded

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, high-minded, noble, magnanimous

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective (feminine)
• ātman – soul (ātman), self, essence, mind, spirit
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'pāṇḍavena'.

विप्रजग्मुः (viprajagmuḥ) - they dispersed, they fled, they scattered

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of gam

Perfect Active

From √gam (to go) with prefixes 'vi' and 'pra', forming a reduplicated perfect form.

Prefixes: vi+pra

Root: gam (class 1)

अनीकेषु (anīkeṣu) - in the armies, among the ranks

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of anīka

anīka - army, host, force, front

मेघाः (meghāḥ) - clouds

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of megha

megha - cloud

वातहताः (vātahatāḥ) - struck by wind, scattered by wind

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vātahata

vātahata - struck by wind, wind-blown

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vāta+hata)

• vāta – wind, air
  noun (masculine)
• hata – killed, struck, destroyed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √han (to strike, kill), past passive participle.
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'meghāḥ'.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

मृद्नन्तः (mṛdnantaḥ) - trampling, crushing, destroying

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mṛd

mṛd - to crush, to trample, to destroy

Present Active Participle

From √mṛd (to crush) in the present active participle form.

Root: mṛd (class 9)

Note: Modifies 'mātaṅgāḥ'.

स्वानि (svāni) - their own

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of sva

sva - own, one's own, self

Note: Modifies 'anīkāni'. Can also be nominative plural neuter.

अनीकानि (anīkāni) - armies, forces, troops

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of anīka

anīka - army, host, force, front

Note: Can also be nominative plural neuter.

विनदन्तः (vinadantaḥ) - roaring, trumpeting, shouting

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vinad

vinad - to roar, to shout, to sound, to trumpet

Present Active Participle

From √nad (to sound, roar) with prefix 'vi', in the present active participle form.

Prefix: vi

Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'mātaṅgāḥ'.

शरातुराः (śarāturāḥ) - distressed by arrows, afflicted by arrows

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śarātura

śarātura - afflicted by arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+ātura)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• ātura – distressed, afflicted, suffering
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'mātaṅgāḥ'.