महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-50, verse-51

छिन्नगात्रावरकरैर्निहतैश्चापि वारणैः ।
आसीत्तस्मिन्समास्तीर्णा पतितैर्भूर्नगैरिव ॥५१॥

51. chinnagātrāvarakarairnihataiścāpi vāraṇaiḥ ,
āsīttasminsamāstīrṇā patitairbhūrnagairiva.

51. chinnagātrāvarakaraiḥ nihataiḥ ca api vāraṇaiḥ
āsīt tasmin samāstīrṇā patitaiḥ bhūḥ nagaiḥ iva

51. tasmin bhūḥ chinnagātrāvarakaraiḥ nihataiḥ ca
api vāraṇaiḥ patitaiḥ nagaiḥ iva samāstīrṇā āsīt

51. There, the ground was completely covered, as if by fallen mountains, with slain elephants whose bodies and trunks had been severed.

Words meanings summery:

• छिन्नगात्रावरकरैः (chinnagātrāvarakaraiḥ) - by elephants with severed bodies and trunks (by those with severed bodies and trunks/forelegs)

• निहतैः (nihataiḥ) - by the slain (elephants) (by the slain, by the struck down)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, moreover)

• वारणैः (vāraṇaiḥ) - by elephants

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was (was, existed)

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - there (in that place, referring to the battlefield) (in that, there)

• समास्तीर्णा (samāstīrṇā) - completely covered (the earth) (completely covered, spread over)

• पतितैः (patitaiḥ) - by the fallen (mountains) (by the fallen)

• भूः (bhūḥ) - the ground (earth, ground, land)

• नगैः (nagaiḥ) - by mountains (figurative comparison) (by mountains, by trees)

• इव (iva) - as if (like, as, as if)

Words meanings and morphology

छिन्नगात्रावरकरैः (chinnagātrāvarakaraiḥ) - by elephants with severed bodies and trunks (by those with severed bodies and trunks/forelegs)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of chinnagātrāvarakara

chinnagātrāvarakara - having severed bodies and trunks/forelegs

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (chinna+gātra+avarakara)

• chinna – severed, cut
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root छिद् (chid, 'to cut'), with past passive participle suffix -ta.
  Root: chid (class 7)
• gātra – body, limb
  noun (neuter)
• avarakara – lower hand, trunk (of an elephant), foreleg (of an animal)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies "vāraṇaiḥ".

निहतैः (nihataiḥ) - by the slain (elephants) (by the slain, by the struck down)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nihata

nihata - slain, struck down, killed

Past Passive Participle

From root हन् (han, 'to strike, kill') with prefix नि (ni) and past passive participle suffix -ta.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Qualifies "vāraṇaiḥ".

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

अपि (api) - also (also, even, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

वारणैः (vāraṇaiḥ) - by elephants

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vāraṇa

vāraṇa - elephant, repelling, guarding

From root vṛ (to cover, ward off).

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Agent in a passive-like construction or instrument of covering.

आसीत् (āsīt) - was (was, existed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Root 'as' (class 2) in imperfect 3rd singular.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Verb for "bhūḥ".

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - there (in that place, referring to the battlefield) (in that, there)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to "that place" or "that battle".

समास्तीर्णा (samāstīrṇā) - completely covered (the earth) (completely covered, spread over)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of samāstīrṇa

samāstīrṇa - completely covered, spread over, strewn

Past Passive Participle

From root स्तृ (stṛ, 'to spread') with prefixes सम् (sam) and आ (ā).

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: stṛ (class 5)

Note: Qualifies "bhūḥ".

पतितैः (patitaiḥ) - by the fallen (mountains) (by the fallen)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of patita

patita - fallen, descended, dropped

Past Passive Participle

From root पत् (pat, 'to fall') with past passive participle suffix -ta.

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Qualifies "nagaiḥ".

भूः (bhūḥ) - the ground (earth, ground, land)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhū

bhū - earth, ground, land, place

Note: Subject of "āsīt samāstīrṇā".

नगैः (nagaiḥ) - by mountains (figurative comparison) (by mountains, by trees)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of naga

naga - mountain, tree, serpent, elephant

Lit. 'that which does not move' (न-ग).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (na+ga)

• na – not, no
  indeclinable
• ga – going, moving
  adjective
  kṛt suffix
  From root गम् (gam, 'to go').
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used in comparison with "iva".

इव (iva) - as if (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle indicating comparison.