महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-50, verse-106

भीष्मस्तु निहते तस्मिन्सारथौ रथिनां वरः ।
वातायमानैस्तैरश्वैरपनीतो रणाजिरात् ॥१०६॥

106. bhīṣmastu nihate tasminsārathau rathināṁ varaḥ ,
vātāyamānaistairaśvairapanīto raṇājirāt.

106. bhīṣmaḥ tu nihate tasmin sārathau rathinām varaḥ
vātāyamānaiḥ taiḥ aśvaiḥ apanītaḥ raṇājirāt

106. bhīṣmaḥ tu rathinām varaḥ tasmin sārathau nihate
vātāyamānaiḥ taiḥ aśvaiḥ raṇājirāt apanītaḥ

106. But Bhishma, the best among charioteers, when that charioteer was killed, was carried away from the battlefield by those horses that were behaving like the wind.

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (Bhishma (name of a Kuru elder))

• तु (tu) - but (but, on the other hand, indeed)

• निहते (nihate) - when killed, having been killed (killed, struck down (locative absolute))

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - when that (in that, when that (locative masculine))

• सारथौ (sārathau) - when the charioteer (was killed) (in the charioteer, on the charioteer (locative))

• रथिनाम् (rathinām) - among charioteers (of charioteers, among charioteers)

• वरः (varaḥ) - best (best, excellent, choicest, boon)

• वातायमानैः (vātāyamānaiḥ) - behaving like the wind (behaving like the wind, acting like the wind, rushing like the wind)

• तैः (taiḥ) - by those (by those (masculine))

• अश्वैः (aśvaiḥ) - by horses (by horses, with horses)

• अपनीतः (apanītaḥ) - was carried away (carried away, removed, led away)

• रणाजिरात् (raṇājirāt) - from the battlefield (from the battlefield, from the battleground)

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (Bhishma (name of a Kuru elder))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (proper name, lit. 'terrible' or 'awesome')

a-ending masculine noun.

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Subject.

तु (tu) - but (but, on the other hand, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

निहते (nihate) - when killed, having been killed (killed, struck down (locative absolute))

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - struck down, killed, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From ni-han (to strike down, kill).

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - when that (in that, when that (locative masculine))

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

सारथौ (sārathau) - when the charioteer (was killed) (in the charioteer, on the charioteer (locative))

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of sārathi

sārathi - charioteer

i-ending masculine noun.

रथिनाम् (rathinām) - among charioteers (of charioteers, among charioteers)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - charioteer, warrior in a chariot

in-ending masculine noun.

वरः (varaḥ) - best (best, excellent, choicest, boon)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, choice, boon, groom

a-ending masculine/neuter noun/adjective.

Root: vṛ (class 1)

वातायमानैः (vātāyamānaiḥ) - behaving like the wind (behaving like the wind, acting like the wind, rushing like the wind)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vātāyamāna

vātāyamāna - moving like the wind, behaving like the wind

Present Participle (ātmanepada)

From denominative root vātāya (to behave like wind), derived from vāta (wind) + ya (denominative suffix) + māna (present participle suffix).

तैः (taiḥ) - by those (by those (masculine))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Qualifies aśvaiḥ.

अश्वैः (aśvaiḥ) - by horses (by horses, with horses)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of aśva

aśva - horse

a-ending masculine noun.

Note: Agent of the passive verb apanītaḥ.

अपनीतः (apanītaḥ) - was carried away (carried away, removed, led away)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apanīta

apanīta - carried away, removed, led away

Past Passive Participle

From apa-nī (to lead away).

Prefix: apa

Root: nī (class 1)

रणाजिरात् (raṇājirāt) - from the battlefield (from the battlefield, from the battleground)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of raṇājira

raṇājira - battlefield, arena of war

Compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (raṇa+ajira)

• raṇa – battle, war, conflict
  noun (masculine)
  Root: raṇ (class 1)
• ajira – courtyard, open space, field, arena
  noun (neuter)
  Root: aj (class 1)