महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-17, verse-85

तथाश्वांश्चतुरश्चास्य चतुर्भिर्निशितैः शरैः ।
यमस्य सदनं तूर्णं प्रेषयामास भारत ॥८५॥

85. tathāśvāṁścaturaścāsya caturbhirniśitaiḥ śaraiḥ ,
yamasya sadanaṁ tūrṇaṁ preṣayāmāsa bhārata.

85. tathā aśvān caturaḥ ca asya caturbhiḥ niśitaiḥ
śaraiḥ yamasya sadanaṃ tūrṇaṃ preṣayāmāsa bhārata

85. bhārata tathā asya caturaḥ aśvān caturbhiḥ
niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ tūrṇaṃ yamasya sadanaṃ preṣayāmāsa

85. And similarly, O Bhārata, he swiftly dispatched his four horses to the abode of Yama with four sharp arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner, similarly

• अश्वान् (aśvān) - horses

• चतुरः (caturaḥ) - four

• च (ca) - and

• अस्य (asya) - his, of him, of this

• चतुर्भिः (caturbhiḥ) - by four

• निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - by sharp, by whetted

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

• यमस्य (yamasya) - of Yama, the god of death (of Yama, of the god of death)

• सदनं (sadanaṁ) - abode, dwelling, house

• तूर्णं (tūrṇaṁ) - quickly, swiftly

• प्रेषयामास (preṣayāmāsa) - sent, dispatched

• भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata (an address, often to Dhṛtarāṣṭra or Arjuna) (O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata))

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner, similarly

(indeclinable)

अश्वान् (aśvān) - horses

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of aśva

aśva - horse

चतुरः (caturaḥ) - four

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of catur

catur - four

Note: Qualifies 'aśvān'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - his, of him, of this

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Refers to the opponent's horses.

चतुर्भिः (caturbhiḥ) - by four

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine/neuter, plural of catur

catur - four

Note: Qualifies 'śaraiḥ'.

निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - by sharp, by whetted

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of niśita

niśita - sharp, whetted, sharpened

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'śo' (to sharpen) with prefix 'ni'.

Prefix: ni

Root: śo (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'śaraiḥ'.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

Note: The instrument by which the action is performed.

यमस्य (yamasya) - of Yama, the god of death (of Yama, of the god of death)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yama

yama - Yama (god of death), twin, restraint

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Possessive, refers to the abode of Yama.

सदनं (sadanaṁ) - abode, dwelling, house

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sadana

sadana - abode, dwelling, seat

Derived from root 'sad' (to sit) with suffix 'ana'.

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: The destination of the horses.

तूर्णं (tūrṇaṁ) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'tvar' (to hasten). Used here adverbially.

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Modifies the action of sending.

प्रेषयामास (preṣayāmāsa) - sent, dispatched

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of preṣayāmāsa

Periphrastic Perfect

Periphrastic perfect of 'preṣaya' (causative of 'pra-iṣ', to send), formed with the root 'ās' (to sit, here used as auxiliary) and `ām` suffix.

Prefix: pra

Root: iṣ (class 4)

Note: The main verb of the sentence.

भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata (an address, often to Dhṛtarāṣṭra or Arjuna) (O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

Note: Addresses the listener.