महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-17, verse-22

ततस्तदभवद्युद्धं रथिनां हस्तिभिः सह ।
सृजतां शरवर्षाणि तोमरांश्च सहस्रशः ॥२२॥

22. tatastadabhavadyuddhaṁ rathināṁ hastibhiḥ saha ,
sṛjatāṁ śaravarṣāṇi tomarāṁśca sahasraśaḥ.

22. tataḥ tat abhavat yuddham rathinām hastibhiḥ
saha sṛjatām śaravarṣāṇi tomarān ca sahasraśaḥ

22. Then that battle ensued, involving charioteers fighting alongside elephants, as they released thousands of showers of arrows and spears.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, thereafter

• तत् (tat) - that

• अभवत् (abhavat) - it ensued (it happened, it occurred, it was)

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight, war

• रथिनाम् (rathinām) - of charioteers

• हस्तिभिः (hastibhiḥ) - by elephants

• सह (saha) - with, together with

• सृजताम् (sṛjatām) - releasing, creating, showering

• शरवर्षाणि (śaravarṣāṇi) - showers of arrows, volleys of arrows

• तोमरान् (tomarān) - spears, lances

• च (ca) - and

• सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands, in thousands

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, thereafter

(indeclinable)

Ablative of 'tat' used as an adverb.

Note: Adverb of time.

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tat

tat - that, it

Note: Refers to the battle (yuddham).

अभवत् (abhavat) - it ensued (it happened, it occurred, it was)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect Active

Root √bhū (to be), imperfect 3rd person singular.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight, war

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle (originally)

From root √yudh (to fight), formed as a nominalized participle.

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'abhavat'.

रथिनाम् (rathinām) - of charioteers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - charioteer, warrior in a chariot

From 'ratha' (chariot) with possessive suffix '-in'.

Note: Specifies the participants of the battle.

हस्तिभिः (hastibhiḥ) - by elephants

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of hastin

hastin - elephant, having a hand/trunk

From 'hasta' (hand/trunk) with possessive suffix '-in'.

Note: In conjunction with 'saha', indicating 'with elephants'.

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

Note: Governs instrumental case 'hastibhiḥ'.

सृजताम् (sṛjatām) - releasing, creating, showering

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sṛjat

sṛjat - releasing, creating, showering

Present Active Participle

From root √sṛj (to release, create), present participle stem sṛjat.

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Qualifies 'rathinām' and 'hastibhiḥ' implicitly, acting as a genitive of agent.

शरवर्षाणि (śaravarṣāṇi) - showers of arrows, volleys of arrows

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of śaravarṣa

śaravarṣa - shower of arrows, volley of arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+varṣa)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• varṣa – rain, shower
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'sṛjatām'.

तोमरान् (tomarān) - spears, lances

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tomara

tomara - spear, lance, javelin

Note: Another object of 'sṛjatām'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands, in thousands

(indeclinable)

From 'sahasra' (thousand) with adverbial suffix '-śaḥ'.

Note: Adverb modifying 'sṛjatām' (how they were releasing).