महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-17, verse-112

विहीनान्रथिनस्तत्र धावमानान्समन्ततः ।
सूर्यपुत्रशरैस्त्रस्तानपश्याम विशां पते ॥११२॥

112. vihīnānrathinastatra dhāvamānānsamantataḥ ,
sūryaputraśaraistrastānapaśyāma viśāṁ pate.

112. vihīnān rathinaḥ tatra dhāvamānān samantataḥ
sūryaputraśaraiḥ trastān apaśyāma viśām pate

112. viśām pate tatra samantataḥ sūryaputraśaraiḥ
vihīnān dhāvamānān trastān rathinaḥ apaśyāma

112. O lord of the people, we saw charioteers, deprived of their chariots, running in all directions, terrified by the arrows of Karṇa (sūryaputra).

Words meanings summery:

• विहीनान् (vihīnān) - deprived of their chariots (implied from context with 'rathinaḥ') (deprived of, bereft, destitute)

• रथिनः (rathinaḥ) - charioteers, warriors in chariots

• तत्र (tatra) - there, then

• धावमानान् (dhāvamānān) - running, fleeing

• समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - on all sides, all around, everywhere

• सूर्यपुत्रशरैः (sūryaputraśaraiḥ) - by the arrows of Karṇa, the son of Sūrya

• त्रस्तान् (trastān) - terrified, frightened

• अपश्याम (apaśyāma) - we saw, we beheld

• विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of the subjects

• पते (pate) - O lord, O master

Words meanings and morphology

विहीनान् (vihīnān) - deprived of their chariots (implied from context with 'rathinaḥ') (deprived of, bereft, destitute)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vihīna

vihīna - bereft, deprived, destitute, devoid of

Past Passive Participle

from vi- + hā (to abandon, leave)

Prefix: vi

Root: hā (class 3)

रथिनः (rathinaḥ) - charioteers, warriors in chariots

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - charioteer, warrior fighting from a chariot

from ratha + -in (possessive suffix)

Note: Despite ending in 'ḥ', it is accusative plural (masculine, i-stem).

तत्र (tatra) - there, then

(indeclinable)

locative of tad

धावमानान् (dhāvamānān) - running, fleeing

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dhāvamāna

dhāvamāna - running, moving quickly, fleeing

Present Middle Participle

from root dhāv (to run)

Root: dhāv (class 1)

समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - on all sides, all around, everywhere

(indeclinable)

from samanta (all-around) + -tas suffix

Note: Adverb modifying 'dhāvamānān'.

सूर्यपुत्रशरैः (sūryaputraśaraiḥ) - by the arrows of Karṇa, the son of Sūrya

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sūryaputraśara

sūryaputraśara - arrows of Sūrya's son (Karṇa)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sūryaputra+śara)

• sūryaputra – son of Sūrya (Karṇa)
  proper noun (masculine)
• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śṛ

Note: Agent of terror ('trastān').

त्रस्तान् (trastān) - terrified, frightened

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of trasta

trasta - frightened, terrified, scared

Past Passive Participle

from root tras (to tremble, be afraid)

Root: tras (class 1)

अपश्याम (apaśyāma) - we saw, we beheld

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of paś

Imperfect active 1st plural

from root dṛś, present stem paśya, with augment 'a' for imperfect

Prefix: a

Root: dṛś (class 1)

विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of the subjects

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, subjects, community, clan

Root: viś (class 6)

पते (pate) - O lord, O master

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband, protector

Note: Forms a compound vocative with 'viśām'.