महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-17, verse-46

पराजित्य रणे तं तु पाण्डवः पाण्डुपूर्वज ।
दुर्योधनबलं हृष्टः प्रामथद्वै समन्ततः ॥४६॥

46. parājitya raṇe taṁ tu pāṇḍavaḥ pāṇḍupūrvaja ,
duryodhanabalaṁ hṛṣṭaḥ prāmathadvai samantataḥ.

46. parājitya raṇe tam tu pāṇḍavaḥ pāṇḍupūrvaja
duryodhanabalam hṛṣṭaḥ pra āmathat vai samantataḥ

46. pāṇḍupūrvaja tu pāṇḍavaḥ raṇe tam parājitya
hṛṣṭaḥ vai samantataḥ duryodhanabalam pra āmathat

46. O descendant of Pāṇḍu's ancestors, having indeed conquered him in battle, the Pāṇḍava, elated, crushed Duryodhana's army on all sides.

Words meanings summery:

• पराजित्य (parājitya) - having conquered, having defeated, having overcome

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat, in war

• तम् (tam) - Refers to the warrior mentioned in the previous verse. (him, that one)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, on the other hand

• पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - Refers to one of the Pāṇḍavas, likely Arjuna or Bhīma in combat context. (son of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava)

• पाण्डुपूर्वज (pāṇḍupūrvaja) - A vocative used by Sañjaya to address Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O descendant of Pāṇḍu's ancestors, O elder of Pāṇḍu)

• दुर्योधनबलम् (duryodhanabalam) - Duryodhana's army, Duryodhana's force

• हृष्टः (hṛṣṭaḥ) - The Pāṇḍava being elated. (elated, joyful, glad)

• प्र (pra) - Intensifies the action of `āmathat`. (forth, forward, greatly, thoroughly)

• आमथत् (āmathat) - Crushed thoroughly (with `pra`). (crushed, churned, disturbed, destroyed)

• वै (vai) - Emphasizes the action. (indeed, certainly, verily)

• समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - on all sides, everywhere, completely

Words meanings and morphology

पराजित्य (parājitya) - having conquered, having defeated, having overcome

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root `ji` (to conquer) with prefix `parā`.

Prefix: parā

Root: ji (class 1)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, war; sound, delight

Root: raṇ (class 1)

तम् (tam) - Refers to the warrior mentioned in the previous verse. (him, that one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one; he, she, it

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - Refers to one of the Pāṇḍavas, likely Arjuna or Bhīma in combat context. (son of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava

Derivative from `Pāṇḍu`.

पाण्डुपूर्वज (pāṇḍupūrvaja) - A vocative used by Sañjaya to address Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O descendant of Pāṇḍu's ancestors, O elder of Pāṇḍu)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍupūrvaja

pāṇḍupūrvaja - ancestor of Pāṇḍu; elder of Pāṇḍu; one born before Pāṇḍu

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (pāṇḍu+pūrvaja)

• pāṇḍu – Pāṇḍu (name of a king, father of the Pāṇḍavas)
  proper noun (masculine)
• pūrvaja – born before, older, elder, ancestor
  adjective (masculine)
  From `pūrva` (before) + `jan` (to be born) + `ḍa` suffix.
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

दुर्योधनबलम् (duryodhanabalam) - Duryodhana's army, Duryodhana's force

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of duryodhanabala

duryodhanabala - Duryodhana's army

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (duryodhana+bala)

• duryodhana – Duryodhana (name of the eldest Kaurava prince)
  proper noun (masculine)
• bala – strength, power, force, army
  noun (neuter)

हृष्टः (hṛṣṭaḥ) - The Pāṇḍava being elated. (elated, joyful, glad)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hṛṣṭa

hṛṣṭa - glad, delighted, joyful; erect (hair)

Past Passive Participle

From root `hṛṣ` (to be glad, to bristle).

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Agrees with `pāṇḍavaḥ`.

प्र (pra) - Intensifies the action of `āmathat`. (forth, forward, greatly, thoroughly)

(indeclinable)

Preverb/Prefix

Note: Used as a preverb with `āmathat`.

आमथत् (āmathat) - Crushed thoroughly (with `pra`). (crushed, churned, disturbed, destroyed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect/aorist (Luṅ) of math

Imperfect/Aorist active

3rd singular active imperfect/aorist form. With prefix `ā`. The initial `a` is the augment for past tenses.

Prefix: ā

Root: math (class 1)

वै (vai) - Emphasizes the action. (indeed, certainly, verily)

(indeclinable)

समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - on all sides, everywhere, completely

(indeclinable)

From `samanta` (all around) with suffix `tas`.