महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-17, verse-108

निहतैः सादिभिश्चैव शूरैराहवशोभिभिः ।
अपश्याम रणे तत्र भ्राम्यमाणान्हयोत्तमान् ॥१०८॥

108. nihataiḥ sādibhiścaiva śūrairāhavaśobhibhiḥ ,
apaśyāma raṇe tatra bhrāmyamāṇānhayottamān.

108. nihataiḥ sādibhiḥ ca eva śūraiḥ āhavaśobhibhiḥ
apaśyāma raṇe tatra bhrāmyamāṇān hayottamān

108. tatra raṇe nihataiḥ sādibhiḥ ca eva āhavaśobhibhiḥ
śūraiḥ bhrāmyamāṇān hayottamān apaśyāma

108. There on the battlefield, we saw the finest horses wandering, abandoned by the slain horsemen and by heroes who shone brightly in combat.

Words meanings summery:

• निहतैः (nihataiḥ) - by the slain, by the killed

• सादिभिः (sādibhiḥ) - by horsemen, by riders

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly, even

• शूरैः (śūraiḥ) - by heroes, by brave warriors

• आहवशोभिभिः (āhavaśobhibhiḥ) - by those who shine in battle, glorious in battle

• अपश्याम (apaśyāma) - we saw

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, on the battlefield

• तत्र (tatra) - there

• भ्राम्यमाणान् (bhrāmyamāṇān) - wandering, roaming, staggering

• हयोत्तमान् (hayottamān) - excellent horses, best horses

Words meanings and morphology

निहतैः (nihataiḥ) - by the slain, by the killed

(participle)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nihata

nihata - slain, killed, struck down

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'han' (to strike, kill) with prefix 'ni'.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

सादिभिः (sādibhiḥ) - by horsemen, by riders

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sādin

sādin - horseman, rider, one who sits on

Derived from root sad (to sit) with agent suffix.

Root: sad (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly, even

(indeclinable)

शूरैः (śūraiḥ) - by heroes, by brave warriors

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - hero, warrior, brave, valiant

आहवशोभिभिः (āhavaśobhibhiḥ) - by those who shine in battle, glorious in battle

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of āhavaśobhin

āhavaśobhin - shining in battle, glorious in war

Compound formed from 'āhava' (battle) and 'śobhin' (shining).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (āhava+śobhin)

• āhava – battle, combat, war
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root hu (to offer, sacrifice) with prefix ā.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: hu
• śobhin – shining, beautiful, glorious
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/adjective
  Derived from root śubh (to shine, be beautiful).
  Root: śubh

Note: Agrees with 'śūraiḥ'.

अपश्याम (apaśyāma) - we saw

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Imperfect tense, active voice, first person plural. The stem is 'paśya'.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, on the battlefield

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, war, conflict

तत्र (tatra) - there

(indeclinable)

भ्राम्यमाणान् (bhrāmyamāṇān) - wandering, roaming, staggering

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhrāmyamāṇa

bhrāmyamāṇa - wandering, roaming, moving about

Present Middle/Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'bhram' (to wander, move about) in the present middle/passive.

Root: bhram (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'hayottamān'.

हयोत्तमान् (hayottamān) - excellent horses, best horses

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of hayottama

hayottama - excellent horse, best horse

Compound type : karmadhāraya (haya+uttama)

• haya – horse
  noun (masculine)
• uttama – best, excellent, supreme, highest
  adjective (masculine)