महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-17, verse-81

स च्छाद्यमानः समरे सूतपुत्रेण पाण्डवः ।
न चकार व्यथां राजन्भास्करो जलदैर्यथा ॥८१॥

81. sa cchādyamānaḥ samare sūtaputreṇa pāṇḍavaḥ ,
na cakāra vyathāṁ rājanbhāskaro jaladairyathā.

81. saḥ chādyamānaḥ samare sūtaputreṇa pāṇḍavaḥ na
cakāra vyathām rājan bhāskaraḥ jaladaiḥ yathā

81. rājan saḥ pāṇḍavaḥ sūtaputreṇa samare chādyamānaḥ vyathām na cakāra,
yathā bhāskaraḥ jaladaiḥ

81. O king, although that Pāṇḍava (Arjuna) was being covered in battle by Karṇa, the son of the charioteer, he felt no distress, just as the sun is not affected by clouds.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that (Pāṇḍava, Arjuna) (he, that)

• छाद्यमानः (chādyamānaḥ) - being covered, being concealed, being overwhelmed

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat, on the battlefield

• सूतपुत्रेण (sūtaputreṇa) - by Karṇa, the son of the charioteer (by the son of a charioteer)

• पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - Arjuna, one of the Pāṇḍavas (descendant of Pāṇḍu)

• न (na) - not, no

• चकार (cakāra) - he felt (distress) (he did, he made, he caused)

• व्यथाम् (vyathām) - distress, pain, suffering, trouble

• राजन् (rājan) - O King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O king)

• भास्करः (bhāskaraḥ) - the sun, maker of light

• जलदैः (jaladaiḥ) - by clouds, by water-givers

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that (Pāṇḍava, Arjuna) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

छाद्यमानः (chādyamānaḥ) - being covered, being concealed, being overwhelmed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of chādyamāna

chādyamāna - being covered, being overshadowed, being hidden

Present Passive Participle

Derived from the causative stem of root √chad (to cover) with the suffix -māna.

Root: chad (class 1)

समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat, on the battlefield

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, combat, war

सूतपुत्रेण (sūtaputreṇa) - by Karṇa, the son of the charioteer (by the son of a charioteer)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sūtaputra

sūtaputra - son of a charioteer

Compound type : tatpurusha (sūta+putra)

• sūta – charioteer, bard, carpenter
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - Arjuna, one of the Pāṇḍavas (descendant of Pāṇḍu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

चकार (cakāra) - he felt (distress) (he did, he made, he caused)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of kṛ

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice of root √kṛ.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

व्यथाम् (vyathām) - distress, pain, suffering, trouble

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vyathā

vyathā - distress, pain, uneasiness, trouble, agitation

राजन् (rājan) - O King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

भास्करः (bhāskaraḥ) - the sun, maker of light

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāskara

bhāskara - sun, sun-maker, source of light

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhās+kara)

• bhās – light, luster, brilliance
  noun (neuter)
• kara – maker, doer, causing, having rays (as in 'sun')
  noun (masculine)

जलदैः (jaladaiḥ) - by clouds, by water-givers

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of jalada

jalada - cloud (literally 'water-giver')

Compound type : tatpurusha (jala+da)

• jala – water
  noun (neuter)
• da – giver, bestower
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root √dā (to give).
  Root: dā (class 3)

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

(indeclinable)