महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-17, verse-7

पर्यासुः पाण्डुपाञ्चाला नदन्तो निशितायुधाः ।
तान्नागानभिवर्षन्तो ज्यातन्त्रीशरनादितैः ॥७॥

7. paryāsuḥ pāṇḍupāñcālā nadanto niśitāyudhāḥ ,
tānnāgānabhivarṣanto jyātantrīśaranāditaiḥ.

7. paryāsuḥ pāṇḍupāñcālāḥ nadantaḥ niśitāyudhāḥ
tān nāgān abhivarṣantaḥ jyātantrīśaranāditaiḥ

7. pāṇḍupāñcālāḥ niśitāyudhāḥ nadantaḥ (santaḥ) tān
nāgān abhivarṣantaḥ jyātantrīśaranāditaiḥ paryāsuḥ

7. The Pāṇḍavas and Pāñcālas, holding sharpened weapons and roaring, surrounded those elephants, showering (arrows) upon them amidst the sounds of bowstrings and arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• पर्यासुः (paryāsuḥ) - they surrounded, they went around

• पाण्डुपाञ्चालाः (pāṇḍupāñcālāḥ) - Pāṇḍavas and Pāñcālas

• नदन्तः (nadantaḥ) - roaring, shouting

• निशितायुधाः (niśitāyudhāḥ) - having sharpened weapons

• तान् (tān) - those

• नागान् (nāgān) - elephants (elephants, serpents)

• अभिवर्षन्तः (abhivarṣantaḥ) - showering arrows upon (showering upon, raining down)

• ज्यातन्त्रीशरनादितैः (jyātantrīśaranāditaiḥ) - with sounds of bowstrings and arrows

Words meanings and morphology

पर्यासुः (paryāsuḥ) - they surrounded, they went around

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of i

Perfect active 3rd plural

Perfect form (lit) of root i with prefix pari.

Prefix: pari

Root: i (class 2)

पाण्डुपाञ्चालाः (pāṇḍupāñcālāḥ) - Pāṇḍavas and Pāñcālas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍupāñcāla

pāṇḍupāñcāla - Pāṇḍavas and Pāñcālas

Dvandva compound of Pāṇḍu (referring to Pāṇḍavas) and Pāñcāla (referring to Pāñcālas).

Compound type : dvandva (pāṇḍu+pāñcāla)

• pāṇḍu – Pāṇḍu (father of the Pāṇḍavas), belonging to Pāṇḍu
  proper noun (masculine)
• pāñcāla – Pāñcāla (the people of the Pāñcāla kingdom)
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of `paryāsuḥ`.

नदन्तः (nadantaḥ) - roaring, shouting

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nadat

nadat - roaring, sounding

Present active participle

Derived from root nad (to roar, sound).

Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Adjectivally modifying `pāṇḍupāñcālāḥ`.

निशितायुधाः (niśitāyudhāḥ) - having sharpened weapons

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of niśitāyudha

niśitāyudha - having sharpened weapons

Bahuvrīhi compound: niśita (sharpened) + āyudha (weapon).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (niśita+āyudha)

• niśita – sharpened, keen
  participle (neuter)
  Past passive participle
  Derived from root śi (to sharpen) with prefix ni.
  Prefix: ni
  Root: śi (class 2)
• āyudha – weapon, implement
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adjectivally modifying `pāṇḍupāñcālāḥ`.

तान् (tān) - those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

नागान् (nāgān) - elephants (elephants, serpents)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of nāga

nāga - serpent, elephant

Note: Object of `abhivarṣantaḥ`.

अभिवर्षन्तः (abhivarṣantaḥ) - showering arrows upon (showering upon, raining down)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of abhivarṣat

abhivarṣat - showering upon, raining down

Present active participle

Derived from root vṛṣ (to rain, shower) with prefix abhi.

Prefix: abhi

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Adjectivally modifying `pāṇḍupāñcālāḥ`.

ज्यातन्त्रीशरनादितैः (jyātantrīśaranāditaiḥ) - with sounds of bowstrings and arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of jyātantrīśaranādita

jyātantrīśaranādita - sound of bowstrings and arrows

Compound: jyā (bowstring) + tantrī (string) + śara (arrow) + nādita (sound, roar).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jyā+tantrī+śara+nādita)

• jyā – bowstring
  noun (feminine)
• tantrī – string, bowstring
  noun (feminine)
• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• nādita – sounded, made to sound, roar
  participle (neuter)
  Past passive participle
  Derived from root nad (to roar, sound). Here used as a noun meaning 'sound'.
  Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Indicates the means or accompanying sound of the action.